ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2016
Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Reproductive Outcomes among Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization: Results from the EARTH Study.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 90 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Human Exposure to Bisphenol A, Phthalates and Fertility, Pregnancy Outcomes.
To Investigate the Effect of Plasticizers on the Pregnancy in Vitro Fertilization Cycles
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 232 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phthalate exposure and female reproductive and developmental outcomes: a systematic review of the human epidemiological evidence.Environment international · 2019Pooled it
- Exposure to non-persistent chemicals in consumer products and fecundability: a systematic review.Human reproduction update · 2019Pooled it
- Risk factors for inadequate response to ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction cycles: systematic review.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Lipid dysregulation in mouse ovarian antral follicles after oral exposure to a human relevant mixture of three phthalates.Toxicology · 2026Article
- A robust and validated method for the determination of 21 urinary metabolites of 15 plasticizers, including phthalates, DEHTP, and DINCH, by online SPE and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- The impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals diethylstilbestrol and ketoconazole on lipid storage in in vitro matured bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Emerging-Pollutant Toxicity in Human Reproduction: From Xenobiotic Exposure to Fertility Impairment and Reproductive Carcinogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Causal Associations of Circulating Micronutrients With the Risk of Infertility: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Urinary phthalates, serum omega-3 fatty acids and ovarian reserve among women seeking fertility treatment.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2025Article
- Mitigating the environmental effects of healthcare: the role of the endocrinologist.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Effect Modification of Serum Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Associations between Urinary Phthalate Biomarkers Mixture and Pregnancy Outcomes among Women Seeking Fertility Care.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- IMPACT OF REAL-LIFE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES ON REPRODUCTION: Phthalates disrupt female reproductive health: a call for enhanced investigation into mixtures.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Comparing phthalate exposure between bottlenose dolphins (Frontiers in Marine Science · 2025Article
- Quantitative label-free proteomic analysis of mouse ovarian antral follicles following oral exposure to a human-relevant mixture of three phthalates.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2024Article
- Environmental factors affecting female fertility.Endocrine · 2024Review
- The associations between pre-conception urinary phthalate concentrations, the serum metabolome, and live birth among women undergoing assisted reproduction.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Endocrine-disrupting chemical concentrations in follicular fluid and follicular reproductive hormone levels.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Article
- Exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) increases the risk of cancer.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Advances in understanding the reproductive toxicity of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in women.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Reproductive toxicology: keeping up with our changing world.Frontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence from both animal and human studies suggests that exposure to phthalates may be associated with adverse female reproductive outcomes.
objectiveWe evaluated the associations between urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
methodsThis analysis included 256 women enrolled in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) prospective cohort study (2004-2012) who provided one to two urine samples per cycle before oocyte retrieval. We measured 11 urinary phthalate metabolites [mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate (MCOP), monocarboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP), and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP)]. We used generalized linear mixed models to evaluate the association of urinary phthalate metabolites with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes, accounting for multiple IVF cycles per woman.
resultsIn multivariate models, women in the highest as compared with lowest quartile of MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP, ΣDEHP (MEHP + MEHHP + MEOHP + MECPP), and MCNP had lower oocyte yield. Similarly, the number of mature (MII) oocytes retrieved was lower in the highest versus lowest quartile for these same phthalate metabolites. The adjusted differences (95% CI) in proportion of cycles resulting in clinical pregnancy and live birth between women in the fourth versus first quartile of ΣDEHP were -0.19 (-0.29, -0.08) and -0.19 (-0.28, -0.08), respectively, and there was also a lower proportion of cycles resulting in clinical pregnancy and live birth for individual DEHP metabolites.
conclusionsUrinary concentrations of DEHP metabolites were inversely associated with oocyte yield, clinical pregnancy, and live birth following ART. CITATION: Hauser R, Gaskins AJ, Souter I, Smith KW, Dodge LE, Ehrlich S, Meeker JD, Calafat AM, Williams PL, for the EARTH Study Team. 2016. Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and reproductive outcomes among women undergoing in vitro fertilization: results from the EARTH study. Environ Health Perspect 124:831-839; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509760.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.