ReviewJournal of diabetes investigation2015
New mechanisms of metformin action: Focusing on mitochondria and the gut.
Review in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Mitochondrial Function: Endocrine Regulation, Immunometabolic Signaling, and Implications for Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Identification and verification of the key genes, CCR1 and EGR2, in diabetes-associated lipophagy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The spatiotemporal dynamics of MAMs: mechanisms, pathologies, and therapeutic rewiring.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Review
- From Metabolism to Longevity: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Metformin's Anticancer and Anti-Aging Effects.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms of metformin action: From metabolic effects to lifespan extension and healthspan promotion.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2026Article
- Metabolic, microbial, and pharmacological stimuli elicit distinct lipidomic and cytokine responses in the human placenta.Molecular human reproduction · 2026Article
- Evaluating GLP-1 receptor agonists versus metformin as first-line therapy for reducing dementia risk in type 2 diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Article
- Review
- Metformin and chloroquine enhanced the efficacy of cytarabine in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines: a drug repositioning approach.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Correlation between circulating microRNAs and vascular biomarkers in type 2 diabetes based upon physical activity: a biochemical analytic study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Observational
- Exome Sequence Data of Eight SLC Transporters Reveal ThatPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Advances in the mechanism of metformin with wide-ranging effects on regulation of the intestinal microbiota.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Review
- Mitigation of Insulin Resistance by Natural Products from a New Class of Molecules, Membrane-Active Immunomodulators.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparison of decision tree with common machine learning models for prediction of biguanide and sulfonylurea poisoning in the United States: an analysis of the National Poison Data System.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Metformin and Its Immune-Mediated Effects in Various Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Vitamin D and ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids towards a Personalized Nutrition of Youth Diabetes: A Narrative Lecture.Nutrients · 2022Review
- From Diabetes to Atherosclerosis: Potential of Metformin for Management of Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Mechanisms Linking COPD to Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Is There a Relationship between Diabetes and COPD?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The most well-known mechanism of metformin action, one of the most commonly prescribed antidiabetic drugs, is adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation; however, recent investigations have shown that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-independent pathways can explain some of metformin's beneficial metabolic effects as well as undesirable side-effects. Such novel pathways include induction of mitochondrial stress, inhibition of mitochondrial shuttles, alteration of intestinal microbiota, suppression of glucagon signaling, activation of autophagy, attenuation of inflammasome activation, induction of incretin receptors and reduction of terminal endoplasmic reticulum stress. Together, these studies have broadened our understanding of the mechanisms of antidiabetic agents as well as the pathogenic mechanism of diabetes itself. The results of such investigations might help to identify new target molecules and pathways for treatment of diabetes and metabolic syndrome, and could also have broad implications in diseases other than diabetes. Accordingly, new antidiabetic drugs with better efficacy and fewer adverse effects will likely result from these studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.