Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26542377›Full record

ReviewHeart failure reviews2016

Insulin resistance: an additional risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes.

Tushar P Patel, Komal Rawal, Ashim K Bagchi, Gauri Akolkar, Nathalia Bernardes, Danielle da Silva Dias, Sarita Gupta, Pawan K Singal

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Heart failure reviews, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
117citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

117 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 247 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. The Triglyceride-Glucose Index is associated with hospital and Intensive Care Unit Mortality in critically ill patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2026
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57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Tushar P PatelMolecular Endocrinology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
Komal RawalMolecular Endocrinology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
Ashim K BagchiDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
Gauri AkolkarDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
Nathalia BernardesDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
Danielle da Silva DiasDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
Sarita GuptaMolecular Endocrinology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India. sglmescrl@gmail.com.
Pawan K SingalDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, St. Boniface Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda · INSt. Boniface Hospital · CAUniversity of Manitoba · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sedentary life style and high calorie dietary habits are prominent leading cause of metabolic syndrome in modern world. Obesity plays a central role in occurrence of various diseases like hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, which lead to insulin resistance and metabolic derangements like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mediated by oxidative stress. The mortality rate due to CVDs is on the rise in developing countries. Insulin resistance (IR) leads to micro or macro angiopathy, peripheral arterial dysfunction, hampered blood flow, hypertension, as well as the cardiomyocyte and the endothelial cell dysfunctions, thus increasing risk factors for coronary artery blockage, stroke and heart failure suggesting that there is a strong association between IR and CVDs. The plausible linkages between these two pathophysiological conditions are altered levels of insulin signaling proteins such as IR-β, IRS-1, PI3K, Akt, Glut4 and PGC-1α that hamper insulin-mediated glucose uptake as well as other functions of insulin in the cardiomyocytes and the endothelial cells of the heart. Reduced AMPK, PFK-2 and elevated levels of NADP(H)-dependent oxidases produced by activated M1 macrophages of the adipose tissue and elevated levels of circulating angiotensin are also cause of CVD in diabetes mellitus condition. Insulin sensitizers, angiotensin blockers, superoxide scavengers are used as therapeutics in the amelioration of CVD. It evidently becomes important to unravel the mechanisms of the association between IR and CVDs in order to formulate novel efficient drugs to treat patients suffering from insulin resistance-mediated cardiovascular diseases. The possible associations between insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases are reviewed here.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Oxidative StressHumansInsulinInsulin ResistanceRisk FactorsSignal TransductionInsulinCVDDyslipidemiaInflammationInsulin resistanceMetabolic syndromeOxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID26542377
OpenAlexW2117524198

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.