ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2016
Metastatic spread in patients with non-small cell lung cancer is associated with a reduced density of tumor-infiltrating T cells.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Measuring multiple parameters of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in human cancers by image analysis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2018Trial
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in gastric cancer: Unraveling complex interactions for precision medicine.World journal of clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Prognostic value of CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib after Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2023Article
- Living prosthetic breast for promoting tissue regeneration and inhibiting tumor recurrence.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2023Article
- Acquired DNA damage repairs deficiency-driven immune evolution and involved immune factors of local versus distant metastases in non-small cell lung cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- The role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
- Systemic therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma: Existing and emerging biomarkers for treatment response.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Article
- Heterogeneous Tumor-Immune Microenvironments between Primary and Metastatic Tumors in a Patient withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Immune Checkpoint Imaging in Oncology: A Game Changer Toward Personalized Immunotherapy?Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2020Review
- Improving cancer immunotherapy using nanomedicines: progress, opportunities and challenges.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2020Review
- Differential Organ-Specific Tumor Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Liver cancer · 2019Article
- Prognostic significance of peripheral CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28- T cells in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with chemo(radio)therapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Article
- The lung microenvironment: an important regulator of tumour growth and metastasis.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2019Review
- Clinical significance of the estrogen-modifying enzymes steroid sulfatase and estrogen sulfotransferase in epithelial ovarian cancer.Oncology letters · 2017Article
- Multi-omics study revealing the complexity and spatial heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in primary liver carcinoma.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes play an important role in cell-mediated immune destruction of cancer cells and tumor growth control. We investigated the heterogeneity of immune cell infiltrates between primary non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) and corresponding metastases. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumors and corresponding metastases from 34 NSCLC patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for CD4, CD8, CD11c, CD68, CD163 and PD-L1. The percentage of positively stained cells within the stroma and tumor cell clusters was recorded and compared between primary tumors and metastases. We found significantly fewer CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells within tumor cell clusters as compared with the stromal compartment, both in primary tumors and corresponding metastases. CD8(+) T cell counts were significantly lower in metastatic lesions than in the corresponding primary tumors, both in the stroma and the tumor cell islets. Of note, the CD8/CD4 ratio was significantly reduced in metastatic lesions compared with the corresponding primary tumors in tumor cell islets, but not in the stroma. We noted significantly fewer CD11c(+) cells and CD68(+) as well as CD163(+) macrophages in tumor cell islets compared with the tumor stroma, but no difference between primary and metastatic lesions. Furthermore, the CD8/CD68 ratio was higher in primary tumors than in the corresponding metastases. We demonstrate a differential pattern of immune cell infiltration in matched primary and metastatic NSCLC lesions, with a significantly lower density of CD8(+) T cells in metastatic lesions compared with the primary tumors. The lower CD8/CD4 and CD8/CD68 ratios observed in metastases indicate a rather tolerogenic and tumor-promoting microenvironment at the metastatic site.
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Registered trials
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