Trial reportThe European respiratory journal2016
Sleep apnoea and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in men and women: effects of continuous positive airway pressure.
Trial report in The European respiratory journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender Differences in the Context of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Pooled it
- Associations Between Morning Salivary and Blood Cortisol Concentrations in Individuals With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Pooled it
- A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study of dexmedetomidine on postoperative sleep quality in patients with endoscopic sinus surgery.BMC anesthesiology · 2022Trial
- ACTH Infusion Impairs Baroreflex Sensitivity-Implications for Cardiovascular Hypoglycemia-Associated Autonomic Failure.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Trial
- Nocturnal Blood Pressure Is Reduced by a Mandibular Advancement Device for Sleep Apnea in Women: Findings From Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Trial
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea Dynamically Increases Nocturnal Plasma Free Fatty Acids, Glucose, and Cortisol During Sleep.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2017Trial
- Changes in Body Mass Index Following Pediatric Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Cureus · 2026Article
- Sleep, Neural Circulatory Control, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Mechanistic Review.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- Wearable Devices for Monitoring and Management of Comorbid Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension: Scoping Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Insomnia and Hypertension: Importance of Objective Phenotyping and Comorbidity with Sleep Apnea.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- Obstructive sleep apnea comorbid with insomnia symptoms and objective short sleep duration is associated with incident hypertension.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Article
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: An Update.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Sex differences in endocrine, metabolic and psychological disturbance in obese patients with OSA.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Melatonin and Cortisol Concentration Before and After CPAP Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- The Complex Relationship between Neuromodulators, Circadian Rhythms, and Insomnia in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Metabolic Crossroads: Unveiling the Complex Interactions between Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Metabolic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Effects of lifestyle factors on leukocytes in cardiovascular health and disease.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- [Frailty phenotype and risk factor for disturbed sleep].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2023Review
- The link between the sphingolipid rheostat and obstructive sleep apnea.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byStressful sleep.2016
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Previous findings on the association of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are inconsistent, partly due to the confounding effect of obesity and infrequent sampling. Our goal was to examine whether in a relatively nonobese population, OSA is associated with elevated cortisol levels and to assess the effects of a 2-month placebo-controlled continuous positive airway pressure (sham-CPAP) use.72 subjects (35 middle-aged males and post-menopausal females with OSA, and 37 male and female controls) were studied in the sleep laboratory for four nights. 24-h blood sampling was performed every hour on the fourth day and night in the sleep laboratory at baseline, after sham-CPAP and after CPAP treatment.In both apnoeic men and women, OSA was associated with significantly higher 24-h cortisol levels compared with controls, whereas CPAP lowered cortisol levels significantly, close to those of controls.These results suggest that OSA in nonobese men and slightly obese women is associated with HPA axis activation, similar albeit stronger compared with obese individuals with sleep apnoea. Short-term CPAP use decreased cortisol levels significantly compared with baseline, indicating that CPAP may have a protective effect against comorbidities frequently associated with chronic activation of the HPA axis, e.g. hypertension.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.