Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26541286›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2015

High-frequency, precise modification of the tomato genome.

Tomáš Čermák, Nicholas J Baltes, Radim Čegan, Yong Zhang, Daniel F Voytas

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 268 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
268citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
22.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

268 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 648 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  13. Review
  14. Targeted mutagenesis ofaBIOTECH · 2025
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  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
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  20. Review

208 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Tomáš ČermákDepartment of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA. tcermak@umn.edu.
Nicholas J BaltesDepartment of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA. nick.baltes@calyxt.com.
Radim ČeganDepartment of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65, Brno, Czech Republic. cegan@ibp.cz.
Yong ZhangDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 216 Main Building No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, 610054, P.R. China. zhangyong916@uestc.ed.cn.
Daniel F VoytasDepartment of Genetics, Cell Biology & Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA. voytas@umn.edu.
University of Minnesota · USCzech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics · CZUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe use of homologous recombination to precisely modify plant genomes has been challenging, due to the lack of efficient methods for delivering DNA repair templates to plant cells. Even with the advent of sequence-specific nucleases, which stimulate homologous recombination at predefined genomic sites by creating targeted DNA double-strand breaks, there are only a handful of studies that report precise editing of endogenous genes in crop plants. More efficient methods are needed to modify plant genomes through homologous recombination, ideally without randomly integrating foreign DNA.

resultsHere, we use geminivirus replicons to create heritable modifications to the tomato genome at frequencies tenfold higher than traditional methods of DNA delivery (i.e., Agrobacterium). A strong promoter was inserted upstream of a gene controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis, resulting in overexpression and ectopic accumulation of pigments in tomato tissues. More than two-thirds of the insertions were precise, and had no unanticipated sequence modifications. Both TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 achieved gene targeting at similar efficiencies. Further, the targeted modification was transmitted to progeny in a Mendelian fashion. Even though donor molecules were replicated in the vectors, no evidence was found of persistent extra-chromosomal replicons or off-target integration of T-DNA or replicon sequences.

conclusionsHigh-frequency, precise modification of the tomato genome was achieved using geminivirus replicons, suggesting that these vectors can overcome the efficiency barrier that has made gene targeting in plants challenging. This work provides a foundation for efficient genome editing of crop genomes without the random integration of foreign DNA.

Indexed as

Genome, PlantAnthocyaninsCRISPR-Cas SystemsDNA, BacterialDNA Breaks, Double-StrandedDNA RepairGeminiviridaeGene TargetingGenetic EngineeringHomologous RecombinationSolanum lycopersicumAnthocyaninsDNA, BacterialT-DNA

Identifiers

PMID26541286
PMCPMC4635538
OpenAlexW2149058703

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.