ArticleJournal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR2016
Racial Variations in Velopharyngeal and Craniometric Morphology in Children: An Imaging Study.
Article in Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dutch Workflow for Diagnosis and Treatment of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Patients with Cleft Palate-A Survey Study.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- Impact of Muscular Asymmetry on Velopharyngeal Function in Children with Craniofacial Microsomia: A Pilot Study.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- How Do Nasopharyngoscopy Ratings of Sustained Speech Differ From Connected Speech?The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Observational
- A preliminary and exploratory investigation of velopharyngeal structural MRI following a modified Z-plasty approach in patients with cleft palate.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development and evaluation of a training program for implementation of velopharyngeal MRI in the clinical setting.Pediatric radiology · 2025Observational
- Levator Veli Palatini Muscle Ratio Is a Clinically Significant Anatomic Predictor for Velopharyngeal Surgical Need.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2025Observational
- Factors That Limit Evaluation of Velopharyngeal Closure During Nasopharyngoscopy.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2025Observational
- Differential Diagnosis of a Pharyngeal Fricative and Therapeutic Monitoring of Velopharyngeal Function Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2025Article
- Growth and Symmetry of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle Within the First Two Years of Life.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2024Article
- Craniofacial and Velopharyngeal Dimensions in Infants 0-12 Months: Between- and Within-Group Differences Based on Age and Sex.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2024Article
- Advancements in Pediatric Audiological Assessments Using Wideband Acoustic Immittance: A Review.Audiology research · 2024Review
- Establishing a Clinical Protocol for Velopharyngeal MRI and Interpreting Imaging Findings.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2024Article
- Volumetric assessment of Posterior cranial fossa in a West African population.World neurosurgery: X · 2024Article
- Measurement Matters: MRI Analysis of Differing Anatomic Measurement Techniques for Velar Length and the Velopharyngeal Needs Ratio.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessing Velopharyngeal Function: Current Applications, Barriers, and Potential for Future Clinical Translation in the United States.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2024Article
- Sex Differences in Velopharyngeal Anatomy of 9- and 10-Year-Old Children.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2023Article
- Nonsedated Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Visualization of the Velopharynx in the Pediatric Population.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2023Article
- An Exploratory Investigation of the Palatoglossus Muscle in Children Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2022Article
- Growth Effects on Velopharyngeal Anatomy From Childhood to Adulthood.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2019Article
- Examining age, sex, and race characteristics of velopharyngeal structures in 4- to 9-year old children using magnetic resonance imaging.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study is to examine craniometric and velopharyngeal anatomy among young children (4-8 years of age) with normal anatomy across Black and White racial groups.
methodThirty-two healthy children (16 White and 16 Black) with normal velopharyngeal anatomy participated and successfully completed the magnetic resonance imaging scans. Measurements included 11 craniofacial and 9 velopharyngeal measures.
resultsTwo-way analysis of covariance was used to determine the effects of race and sex on velopharyngeal measures and all craniometric measures except head circumference. Head circumference was included as a covariate to control for overall cranial size. Sex did not have a significant effect on any of the craniometric measures. Significant racial differences were demonstrated for face height. A significant race effect was also observed for mean velar length, velar thickness, and velopharyngeal ratio.
conclusionThe present study provides separate craniofacial and velopharyngeal values for young Black and White children. Data from this study can be used to examine morphological variations with respect to race and sex.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.