Trial reportPloS one2015
Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation: Post Trial Follow-Up of Randomized Groups.
Trial report in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00327574 (Population Based Strategies for Effective Control of High Blood Pressure in Pakistan), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Population Based Strategies for Effective Control of High Blood Pressure in Pakistan
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical significance of 'cardiometabolic memory': a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2017Pooled it
- Community health workers for non-communicable diseases prevention and control in developing countries: Evidence and implications.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Economic Evaluation of a Multicomponent mHealth Intervention for Stroke Management in Rural China: Cluster-Randomized Trial With 6-Year Follow-Up.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2025Trial
- Long-term mortality outcome of a primary care-based mobile health intervention for stroke management: Six-year follow-up of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2025Trial
- Primary Care-Based Digital Health-Enabled Stroke Management Intervention: Long-Term Follow-Up of a Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- From Mechanism to Therapy: Establishing an Integrated Framework for the Regulation and Intervention of Matrix Vesicles in Vascular Calcification.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- Optimizing Antihypertensive Care for Tanzanians Living With HIV: Effectiveness Outcomes From the COACH Pilot Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Community intervention for cardiovascular disease risk factors in Kalutara, Sri Lanka.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence on long term effectiveness of public health strategies for lowering blood pressure (BP) is scarce. In the Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation (COBRA) Trial, a 2 x 2 factorial, cluster randomized controlled trial, the combined home health education (HHE) and trained general practitioner (GP) intervention delivered over 2 years was more effective than no intervention (usual care) in lowering systolic BP among adults with hypertension in urban Pakistan. However, it was not clear whether the effect would be sustained after the cessation of intervention. We conducted 7 years follow-up inclusive of 5 years of post intervention period of COBRA trial participants to assess the effectiveness of the interventions on BP during extended follow-up.
methodsA total of 1341 individuals 40 years or older with hypertension (systolic BP 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic BP 90 mm Hg or greater, or already receiving treatment) were followed by trained research staff masked to randomization status. BP was measured thrice with a calibrated automated device (Omron HEM-737 IntelliSense) in the sitting position after 5 minutes of rest. BP measurements were repeated after two weeks. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyze the primary outcome of change in systolic BP from baseline to 7- year follow-up. The multivariable model was adjusted for clustering, age at baseline, sex, baseline systolic and diastolic BP, and presence of diabetes.
findingsAfter 7 years of follow-up, systolic BP levels among those randomised to combined HHE plus trained GP intervention were significantly lower (2.1 [4.1-0.1] mm Hg) compared to those randomised to usual care, (P = 0.04). Participants receiving the combined intervention compared to usual care had a greater reduction in LDL-cholesterol (2.7 [4.8 to 0.6] mg/dl.
conclusionsThe benefit in systolic BP reduction observed in the original cohort assigned to the combined intervention was attenuated but still evident at 7- year follow-up. These findings highlight the potential for scaling-up simple strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction in low- and middle- income countries.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00327574.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.