ArticleBiomaterials science2016
Effects of the poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel crosslinking mechanism on protein release.
Article in Biomaterials science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Conductive hydrogel bioelectronics for chronic neuromodulation: From biomimetic design and bioactive interfaces to integrated neural platforms.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Exercise-primed exosomes in an injectable hydrogel promote myocardial repair via angiogenesis and ferroptosis inhibition.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Engineering 3D neural models of neurodegeneration: the Neural Microenvironment Design Code (NMDC), design principles, and emerging new approach methodologies.NAM journal · 2026Review
- Biomimetic Scaffolds and Extracellular Matrix-Based Strategies for Myofiber Regeneration in Volumetric Muscle Loss.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Engineering Extended Release Profiles for Biologic Formulations via Chemical Cross-Linking of Poloxamer 407 Hydrogels.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Photodegradable Hydrogel Matrices for Spatiotemporal Control of Bacteria Transport and Delivery.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin Composite Hydrogel for Bone Tissue Application.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Long-term interleukin-4 release from 3D printable affinity hydrogels promotes M2-like macrophage polarisationBiomaterials science · 2025Article
- Entrapment of Papain in Chitosan-Polyethylene Glycol Hybrid Nanohydrogels: Presenting a Model for Protein Delivery Systems.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Article
- Leveraging printability and biocompatibility in materials for printing implantable vessel scaffolds.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Article
- Injectable Hydrogels in Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering.Polymers · 2024Review
- PEG-Based Hydrogel Coatings: Design Tools for Biomedical Applications.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Biomaterials / bioinks and extrusion bioprinting.Bioactive materials · 2023Review
- Assessing cell migration in hydrogels: An overview of relevant materials and methods.Materials today. Bio · 2023Review
- Oral lesions after COVID-19 vaccination: Immune mechanisms and clinical approach.Infectious medicine · 2022Review
- Functional Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Molecule to Material Design for Biomedical Applications.Polymers · 2022Review
- Extracellular Optogenetics at the Interface of Synthetic Biology and Materials Science.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Changes in the Molecular Characteristics of Bovine and Marine Collagen in the Presence of Proteolytic Enzymes as a Stage Used in Scaffold Formation.Marine drugs · 2021Article
- Mixed Composition Microribbon Hydrogels Induce Rapid and Synergistic Cartilage Regeneration by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in 3DACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels are widely used to deliver therapeutic biomolecules, due to high hydrophilicity, tunable physicochemical properties, and anti-fouling properties. Although different hydrogel crosslinking mechanisms are known to result in distinct network structures, it is still unknown how these various mechanisms influence biomolecule release. Here we compared the effects of chain-growth and step-growth polymerization for hydrogel crosslinking on the efficiency of protein release and diffusivity. For chain-growth-polymerized PEG hydrogels, while decreasing PEG concentration increased both the protein release efficiency and diffusivity, it was unexpected to find out that increasing PEG molecular weight did not significantly change either parameter. In contrast, for step-growth-polymerized PEG hydrogels, both decreasing PEG concentration and increasing PEG molecular weight resulted in an increase in the protein release efficiency and diffusivity. For step-growth-polymerized hydrogels, the protein release efficiency and diffusivity were further decreased by increasing crosslink functionality (4-arm to 8-arm) of the chosen monomer. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the crosslinking mechanism has a differential effect on controlling protein release, and this study provides valuable information for the rational design of hydrogels for sophisticated drug delivery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.