Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26537615›Full record

ArticleBMC bioinformatics2015

Predicting drug side effects by multi-label learning and ensemble learning.

Wen Zhang, Feng Liu, Longqiang Luo, Jingxia Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC bioinformatics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  12. Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wen ZhangSchool of Computer, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. zhangwen@whu.edu.cn.
Feng LiuInternational School of software, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. fliuwhu@whu.edu.cn.
Longqiang LuoSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. lqluo@whu.edu.cn.
Jingxia ZhangSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. jxz_job@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPredicting drug side effects is an important topic in the drug discovery. Although several machine learning methods have been proposed to predict side effects, there is still space for improvements. Firstly, the side effect prediction is a multi-label learning task, and we can adopt the multi-label learning techniques for it. Secondly, drug-related features are associated with side effects, and feature dimensions have specific biological meanings. Recognizing critical dimensions and reducing irrelevant dimensions may help to reveal the causes of side effects.

methodsIn this paper, we propose a novel method 'feature selection-based multi-label k-nearest neighbor method' (FS-MLKNN), which can simultaneously determine critical feature dimensions and construct high-accuracy multi-label prediction models.

resultsComputational experiments demonstrate that FS-MLKNN leads to good performances as well as explainable results. To achieve better performances, we further develop the ensemble learning model by integrating individual feature-based FS-MLKNN models. When compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the ensemble method produces better performances on benchmark datasets.

conclusionsIn conclusion, FS-MLKNN and the ensemble method are promising tools for the side effect prediction. The source code and datasets are available in the Additional file 1.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsMachine LearningArea Under CurveCluster AnalysisDatabases as TopicDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsHumans

Identifiers

PMID26537615
PMCPMC4634905

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.