Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26537399›Full record

ReviewQuarterly reviews of biophysics2015

Electron flow through biological molecules: does hole hopping protect proteins from oxidative damage?

Jay R Winkler, Harry B Gray

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Quarterly reviews of biophysics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. From single step hops to emergent biological phenomena.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Oxidizable amino acids around cytochrome P450 hemes.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Tryptophan to Tryptophan Hole Hopping in an Azurin Construct.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Tryptophan extends the life of cytochrome P450.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Multiple hops move electrons from bacteria to rocks.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jay R WinklerBeckman Institute,California Institute of Technology,Pasadena,CA 91125,USA.
Harry B GrayBeckman Institute,California Institute of Technology,Pasadena,CA 91125,USA.

Funding

ELECTRON-TRANSFER PROCESSES IN IRON AND COPPER PROTEINSR01DK019038 · NIDDK · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI GRAY, HARRY B, WINKLER, JAY R · 1986 to 2023
$7.0M
ELECTRON TRANSFER PROCESSES IN IRON AND COPPER PROTEINSR37DK019038 · NIDDK · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI GRAY, HARRY B · 1996 to 2003
$1.2M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK019038NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK019038NIDDK NIH HHS R37 DK019038
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biological electron transfers often occur between metal-containing cofactors that are separated by very large molecular distances. Employing photosensitizer-modified iron and copper proteins, we have shown that single-step electron tunneling can occur on nanosecond to microsecond timescales at distances between 15 and 20 Å. We also have shown that charge transport can occur over even longer distances by hole hopping (multistep tunneling) through intervening tyrosines and tryptophans. In this perspective, we advance the hypothesis that such hole hopping through Tyr/Trp chains could protect oxygenase, dioxygenase, and peroxidase enzymes from oxidative damage. In support of this view, by examining the structures of P450 (CYP102A) and 2OG-Fe (TauD) enzymes, we have identified candidate Tyr/Trp chains that could transfer holes from uncoupled high-potential intermediates to reductants in contact with protein surface sites.

Indexed as

Oxidative StressAzurinBacillus megateriumBacterial ProteinsCatalytic DomainCopperCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemElectronsElectron TransportEscherichia coliIronMolecular ConformationNADPH-Ferrihemoprotein ReductaseOxidation-ReductionOxygenOxygenasesAzurinBacterial ProteinsCopperCytochrome P-450 Enzyme Systemflavocytochrome P450 BM3 monoxygenasesIronNADPH-Ferrihemoprotein ReductaseOxygenOxygenasesTryptophanTyrosineazurincytochrome P450electron transferhole hoppingprotein radical

Identifiers

PMID26537399
PMCPMC4793975

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.