ArticlePloS one2015
Tuberculosis Infection in the United States: Prevalence Estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Persons with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Guidelines for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2020.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Care Cascade for targeted tuberculosis testing and linkage to Care in Homeless Populations in the United States: a meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of Testing and Treatment for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Residents Born Outside the United States With and Without Medical Comorbidities in a Simulation Model.JAMA internal medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Randomized Controlled Trial of Clinical Guidelines Versus Interactive Decision-Support for Improving Medical Trainees' Confidence with Latent Tuberculosis Care.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Exposure to Latent Tuberculosis Treatment during Pregnancy. The PREVENT TB and the iAdhere Trials.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2018Trial
- Using the Health Belief Model To Assess the Impact of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Health Education Video Towards Screening Adoption in Non-US-Born Persons Living in California.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Article
- The impact of frailty scores on latent tuberculosis infection and all-cause mortality in this population.Medicine · 2026Article
- The Role of Electronic Medical Record Automation in Latent Tuberculosis Screening and Treatment in a Large Health System.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Identifying Gaps in Tuberculosis Preventive Care for Non-U.S.-born Persons at Community Health Clinics in the United States.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Testing and Treatment of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection Among Asian and Hispanic Persons With Diagnosed Diabetes in the United States.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2025Article
- Policy Impediments to Tuberculosis Elimination: Consequences of an Absent Medicare National Coverage Determination for Tuberculosis Prevention.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Expanded Targeted Testing and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among the Medicare Population in 2022.Annals of internal medicine · 2025Article
- Model-Based Analysis of Impact, Costs, and Cost-effectiveness of Tuberculosis Outbreak Investigations, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Tuberculosis and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection Screening Among Non-US-Born Persons in an Integrated Health System in California.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- The long-term effects of domestic and international tuberculosis service improvements on tuberculosis trends within the USA: a mathematical modelling study.The Lancet. Public health · 2024Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundReexamining the prevalence of persons infected with tuberculosis (TB) is important to determine trends over time. In 2011-2012 a TB component was included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to estimate the reservoir of persons infected with TB.
methodsCivilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population survey participants aged 6 years and older were interviewed regarding their TB history and eligibility for the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test. Once eligibility was confirmed, both tests were conducted. Prevalence and numbers of TST positive (10 mm or greater), IGRA positive, and both TST and IGRA positive were calculated by adjusting for the complex survey design after applying corrections for item nonresponse and digit preference in TST induration measurements. To examine TST positivity over time, data from NHANES 1999-2000 were reanalyzed using the same statistical methods. The TST was performed using Tubersol, a commercially available purified protein derivative (PPD), rather than PPD-S, which was the antigen used in NHANES 1999-2000. Prior patient history of TB vaccination was not collected in this study nor were patients examined for the presence of a Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) vaccine scar.
resultsFor NHANES 2011-2012, TST and IGRA results were available for 6,128 (78.4%) and 7,107 (90.9%) eligible participants, respectively. There was no significant difference between the percentage of the U.S. population that was TST positive in 2011-2012 (4.7% [95% CI 3.4-6.3]; 13,276,000 persons) compared with 1999-2000 (4.3%; 3.5-5.3). In 2011-2012 the percentage that was IGRA positive was 5.0% (4.2-5.8) and double TST and IGRA positivity was 2.1% (1.5-2.8). The point estimate of IGRA positivity prevalence in foreign-born persons (15.9%; 13.5-18.7) was lower than for TST (20.5%; 16.1-25.8) in 2011-2012. The point estimate of IGRA positivity prevalence in U.S.-born persons (2.8%; 2.0-3.8) was higher than for TST (1.5%; 0.9-2.6).
conclusionsNo statistically significant decline in the overall estimated prevalence of TST positivity was detected from 1999-2000 to 2011-2012. The prevalence of TB infection, whether measured by TST or IGRA, remains lower among persons born in the United States compared with foreign-born persons.
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