ArticleRMD open2015
Lifestyle factors may modify the effect of disease activity on radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a longitudinal analysis.
Article in RMD open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Ankylosing spondylitis risk factors: a systematic literature review.Clinical rheumatology · 2021Pooled it
- Smoking quantity determines disease activity and function in Chinese patients with ankylosing spondylitis.Clinical rheumatology · 2018Pooled it
- Clinical improvement and reduction in serum calprotectin levels after an intensive exercise programme for patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2016Trial
- Observational
- Ambiguities in the effect of physical activity on bone remodelling in spondyloarthritis.Reumatologia · 2026Review
- Article
- Saudi Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease.Rheumatology and therapy · 2025Article
- Aggregate Distributional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Biologics for the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis in Chile.Applied health economics and health policy · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic factors and biologic therapy exposure impacting health-related quality of life in psoriatic arthritis - findings from a nationwide registry Reuma.pt.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long-term evolution of postpartum sacroiliac bone marrow oedema: a 5-year longitudinal follow-up study.RMD open · 2025Article
- Literature review of non-pharmacological treatment for patients with axial spondyloarthritis.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2025Review
- The Effects of Smoking, Alcohol, and Dietary Habits on the Progression and Management of Spondyloarthritis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- [Sex-specific aspects in rheumatology].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2024Article
- Sacroiliac and spine imaging in spondyloarthritis: Does phenotype or sex matter?Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Diagnosis, monitoring, and management of axial spondyloarthritis.Rheumatology international · 2024Review
- Risk of motor vehicle accidents with profound injuries in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a nationwide, population-based cohort study.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2024Article
- Biomechanics in the onset and severity of spondyloarthritis: a force to be reckoned with.RMD open · 2023Review
- A mixed methods study to uncover impediments to accurate diagnosis of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis in the USA.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Article
- The impact of smoking on response to tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the complex relationship between inflammation, mechanical stress and radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), using job type as a proxy for continuous mechanical stress.
methodsPatients from the Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Study were followed up for 12 years, with 2-yearly assessments. Two readers independently scored the X-rays according to the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS). Disease activity was assessed by the AS Disease Activity Score C reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP). The relationship between ASDAS and spinal radiographic progression was investigated with longitudinal analysis, with job type at baseline (physically demanding ('blue-collar') versus sedentary ('white-collar') labour) as a potential factor influencing this relationship. The effects of smoking status and socioeconomic factors were also investigated.
resultsIn total, 184 patients were included in the analyses (70% males, 83% human leucocyte antigen-B27 positive, 39% smokers, 48% blue-collar workers (65/136 patients in whom data on job type were available)). The relationship between disease activity and radiographic progression was significantly and independently modified by job type: In 'blue-collar' workers versus 'white-collar' workers, every additional unit of ASDAS resulted in an increase of 1.2 versus 0.2 mSASSS-units/2-years (p=0.014 for the difference between blue-collar and white-collar workers). In smokers versus non-smokers, every additional unit of ASDAS resulted in an increase of 1.9 versus 0.4 mSASSS-units/2-years.
conclusionsPhysically demanding jobs may amplify the potentiating effects of inflammation on bone formation in AS. Smoking and socioeconomic factors most likely confound this relationship and may have separate effects on bone formation.
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