Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26530702›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2015

Time series analysis of reported cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease from 2010 to 2013 in Wuhan, China.

Banghua Chen, Ayako Sumi, Shin'ichi Toyoda, Quan Hu, Dunjin Zhou, Keiji Mise, Junchan Zhao, Nobumichi Kobayashi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Global emergence of Enterovirus 71: a systematic review.Beni-Suef University journal of basic and applied sciences · 2022
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. The effects of air pollution and meteorological factors on measles cases in Lanzhou, China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Hand, foot and mouth disease: current knowledge on clinical manifestations, epidemiology, aetiology and prevention.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2018
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Application of seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average model in forecasting the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wuhan, China.Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical sciences = Hua zhong ke ji da xue xue bao. Yi xue Ying De wen ban = Huazhong keji daxue xuebao. Yixue Yingdewen ban · 2017
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Enterovirus 71 infection and vaccines.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2017
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Banghua ChenDepartment of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China. chenbanghua@163.com.
Ayako SumiDepartment of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan. sumi@sapmed.ac.jp.
Shin'ichi ToyodaDepartment of Information Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Hyogo, Japan. toyoda@cit.sangitan.ac.jp.
Quan HuWuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 24 Jianghanbei Road, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China. powerhu21@yahoo.com.
Dunjin ZhouWuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 24 Jianghanbei Road, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China. zdj@whedc.org.
Keiji MiseDepartment of Admission, Center of Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan. mise@sapmed.ac.jp.
Junchan ZhaoSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan University of Commerce, Changsha, Hunan, China. junchanzhao@163.com.
Nobumichi KobayashiDepartment of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan. nkobayas@sapmed.ac.jp.
Sapporo Medical University · JPWuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CNCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USCollege of Industrial Technology · JPHunan University of Technology and Business · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by a group of enteroviruses, including Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) and Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71). In recent decades, Asian countries have experienced frequent and widespread HFMD outbreaks, with deaths predominantly among children. In several Asian countries, epidemics usually peak in the late spring/early summer, with a second small peak in late autumn/early winter. We investigated the possible underlying association between the seasonality of HFMD epidemics and meteorological variables, which could improve our ability to predict HFMD epidemics.

methodsWe used a time series analysis composed of a spectral analysis based on the maximum entropy method (MEM) in the frequency domain and the nonlinear least squares method in the time domain. The time series analysis was applied to three kinds of monthly time series data collected in Wuhan, China, where high-quality surveillance data for HFMD have been collected: (i) reported cases of HFMD, (ii) reported cases of EV-A71 and CVA16 detected in HFMD patients, and (iii) meteorological variables.

resultsIn the power spectral densities for HFMD and EV-A71, the dominant spectral lines were observed at frequency positions corresponding to 1-year and 6-month cycles. The optimum least squares fitting (LSF) curves calculated for the 1-year and 6-month cycles reproduced the bimodal cycles that were clearly observed in the HFMD and EV-A71 data. The peak months on the LSF curves for the HFMD data were consistent with those for the EV-A71 data. The risk of infection was relatively high at 10 °C ≤ t < 15 °C (t, temperature [°C]) and 15 °C ≤ t < 20 °C, and peaked at 20 °C ≤ t < 25 °C.

conclusionIn this study, the HFMD infections occurring in Wuhan showed two seasonal peaks, in summer (June) and winter (November or December). The results obtained with a time series analysis suggest that the bimodal seasonal peaks in HFMD epidemics are attributable to EV-A71 epidemics. Our results suggest that controlling the spread of EV-A71 infections when the temperature is approximately 20-25 °C should be considered to prevent HFMD infections in Wuhan, China.

Indexed as

ChildChild, PreschoolChinaCommunicable DiseasesDisease OutbreaksEnterovirusEnterovirus InfectionsHand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLeast-Squares AnalysisModels, TheoreticalSeasonsTemperatureWeather

Identifiers

PMID26530702
PMCPMC4630926
OpenAlexW1921306250

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.