ArticlePloS one2015
A Reevaluation of the Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Scale-Up Plan in Zimbabwe.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Infectious Disease Modelling of HIV Prevention Interventions: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Compartmental Models.PharmacoEconomics · 2023Pooled it
- Service delivery interventions to increase uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention: A systematic review.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of a Demand Creation Intervention to Increase Uptake of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Tanzania: Spending More to Spend Less.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Adolescent- and Young-Adult-Focused HIV Interventions Incorporating HIV Transmission: a Scoping Review of Modeling Methods and Proposed Guidance.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2025Review
- Observational
- Approaches to improving the efficiency of HIV programme investments.BMJ global health · 2022Article
- Article
- Treatment as prevention for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: mathematical modelling projections.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Cost-effectiveness of HIV Prevention Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.EClinicalMedicine · 2019Article
- Does infection withSexually transmitted infections · 2019Article
- Identifying population segments for effective intervention design and targeting using unsupervised machine learning: an end-to-end guide.Gates open research · 2019Article
- Evidence-Based Identification of Key Beliefs Explaining Infant Male Circumcision Motivation Among Expectant Parents in Zimbabwe: Targets for Behavior Change Messaging.AIDS and behavior · 2018Article
- The emerging health impact of voluntary medical male circumcision in Zimbabwe: An evaluation using three epidemiological models.PloS one · 2018Article
- Data triangulation to estimate age-specific coverage of voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention in four Kenyan counties.PloS one · 2018Article
- Article
- Circumcision and its effects in Africa.Translational andrology and urology · 2017Review
- Spatial patterns of HIV prevalence and service use in East Zimbabwe: implications for future targeting of interventions.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Article
- Article
- HCV prevalence can predict HIV epidemic potential among people who inject drugs: mathematical modeling analysis.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) program in Zimbabwe aims to circumcise 80% of males aged 13-29 by 2017. We assessed the impact of actual VMMC scale-up to date and evaluated the impact of potential alterations to the program to enhance program efficiency, through prioritization of subpopulations. METHODS AND
findingsWe implemented a recently developed analytical approach: the age-structured mathematical (ASM) model and accompanying three-level conceptual framework to assess the impact of VMMC as an intervention. By September 2014, 364,185 males were circumcised, an initiative that is estimated to avert 40,301 HIV infections by 2025. Through age-group prioritization, the number of VMMCs needed to avert one infection (effectiveness) ranged between ten (20-24 age-group) and 53 (45-49 age-group). The cost per infection averted ranged between $811 (20-24 age-group) and $5,518 (45-49 age-group). By 2025, the largest reductions in HIV incidence rate (up to 27%) were achieved by prioritizing 10-14, 15-19, or 20-24 year old. The greatest program efficiency was achieved by prioritizing 15-24, 15-29, or 15-34 year old. Prioritizing males 13-29 year old was programmatically efficient, but slightly inferior to the 15-24, 15-29, or 15-34 age groups. Through geographic prioritization, effectiveness varied from 9-12 VMMCs per infection averted across provinces. Through risk-group prioritization, effectiveness ranged from one (highest sexual risk-group) to 60 (lowest sexual risk-group) VMMCs per infection averted.
conclusionThe current VMMC program plan in Zimbabwe is targeting an efficient and impactful age bracket (13-29 year old), but program efficiency can be improved by prioritizing a subset of males for demand creation and service availability. The greatest program efficiency can be attained by prioritizing young sexually active males and males whose sexual behavior puts them at higher risk for acquiring HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.