Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26529160›Full record

ArticleJAMA2015

Trends in Prescription Drug Use Among Adults in the United States From 1999-2012.

Elizabeth D Kantor, Colin D Rehm, Jennifer S Haas, Andrew T Chan, Edward L Giovannucci

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JAMA, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 568 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
568citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

568 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  17. The Mortality Risk of Proton Pump Inhibitors in 1.9 Million US Seniors: An Extended Cox Survival Analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2022
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508 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Elizabeth D KantorDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Colin D RehmFriedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts4Office of Community & Population Health, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
Jennifer S HaasDivision of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts6Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Andrew T ChanChanning Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts8Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston9Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
Edward L GiovannucciDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts7Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts10Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health.

Funding

Harvard Clinical and Translational Science CenterUL1TR001102 · NCATS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI NADLER, LEE MARSHALL · 2013 to 2017
$106.2M
Training Program in Cancer EpidemiologyT32CA009001 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI A. Heather Eliassen, Meir Stampfer · 1985 to 2026
$17.3M
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research in Digestive DiseasesK24DK098311 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI CHAN, ANDREW T · 2013 to 2017
$930k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001102NCI NIH HHS T32 CA 009001NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009001NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK098311
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

importanceIt is important to document patterns of prescription drug use to inform both clinical practice and research.

objectiveTo evaluate trends in prescription drug use among adults living in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND

participantsTemporal trends in prescription drug use were evaluated using nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants included 37,959 noninstitutionalized US adults, aged 20 years and older. Seven NHANES cycles were included (1999-2000 to 2011-2012), and the sample size per cycle ranged from 4861 to 6212. EXPOSURES: Calendar year, as represented by continuous NHANES cycle. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Within each NHANES cycle, use of prescription drugs in the prior 30 days was assessed overall and by drug class. Temporal trends across cycles were evaluated. Analyses were weighted to represent the US adult population.

resultsResults indicate an increase in overall use of prescription drugs among US adults between 1999-2000 and 2011-2012 with an estimated 51% of US adults reporting use of any prescription drugs in 1999-2000 and an estimated 59% reporting use of any prescription drugs in 2011-2012 (difference, 8% [95% CI, 3.8%-12%]; P for trend <.001). The prevalence of polypharmacy (use of ≥5 prescription drugs) increased from an estimated 8.2% in 1999-2000 to 15% in 2011-2012 (difference, 6.6% [95% CI, 4.4%-8.2%]; P for trend <.001). These trends remained statistically significant with age adjustment. Among the 18 drug classes used by more than 2.5% of the population at any point over the study period, the prevalence of use increased in 11 drug classes including antihyperlipidemic agents, antidepressants, prescription proton-pump inhibitors, and muscle relaxants. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this nationally representative survey, significant increases in overall prescription drug use and polypharmacy were observed. These increases persisted after accounting for changes in the age distribution of the population. The prevalence of prescription drug use increased in the majority of, but not all, drug classes.

Indexed as

PolypharmacyAdultAgedAge DistributionAntidepressive AgentsHumansHypolipidemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysPrescription DrugsPrevalenceUnited StatesYoung AdultAntidepressive AgentsHypolipidemic AgentsPrescription Drugs

Identifiers

PMID26529160
PMCPMC4752169

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.