ArticleVirology journal2015
Avian influenza virus H9N2 infections in farmed minks.
Article in Virology journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Article
- Epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of H9N2 avian influenza virus in Bangladesh.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Detection of a Reassortant Swine- and Human-Origin H3N2 Influenza A Virus in Farmed Mink in British Columbia, Canada.Zoonoses and public health · 2025Article
- Pandemic preparedness through vaccine development for avian influenza viruses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Exploring Potential Intermediates in the Cross-Species Transmission of Influenza A Virus to Humans.Viruses · 2024Review
- Bat-borne H9N2 influenza virus evades MxA restriction and exhibits efficient replication and transmission in ferrets.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Detection and Characterization of an H9N2 Influenza A Virus in the Egyptian Rousette Bat in Limpopo, South Africa.Viruses · 2023Article
- Mink infection with influenza A viruses: an ignored intermediate host?One health advances · 2023Review
- All-trans retinoic acid increases the pathogenicity of the H9N2 influenza virus in mice.Virology journal · 2022Article
- Review
- Aleutian mink disease: Spatio-temporal variation of prevalence and influence on the feral American mink.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2021Article
- Increased Pulmonary Pneumococcal Clearance after Resolution of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Infection in Mice.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Canine and Feline Influenza.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Serological evidence of the infection of H7 virus and the co-infection of H7 and H9 viruses in farmed fur-bearing animals in eastern China.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2020Article
- Review
- Genetically and Antigenically Divergent Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses Exhibit Differential Replication and Transmission Phenotypes in Mammalian Models.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Adaptation of H9N2 Influenza Viruses to Mammalian Hosts: A Review of Molecular Markers.Viruses · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of avian H9N2 viruses throughout Asia, along with their demonstrated ability to infect mammals, puts them high on the list of influenza viruses with pandemic potential for humans. In this study, we investigated whether H9N2 viruses could infect farmed minks.
methodsFirst, we conducted a serological survey for avian influenza virus antibodies on a random sample of the field-trial population of farmed minks. Then we inoculated farmed minks with A/Chicken/Hebei/4/2008 H9N2 viruses and observed the potential pathogenicity of H9N2 virus and virus shedding in infected minks.
resultsH9 influenza antibodies could be detected in most farmed minks with a higher seropositivity, which indicated that farmed minks had the high prevalence of exposure to H9 viruses. After infection, the minks displayed the slight clinical signs including lethargy and initial weight loss. The infected lungs showed the mild diffuse pneumonia with thickened alveolar walls and inflammatory cellular infiltration. Influenza virus detection showed that viruses were detected in the allantoic fluids inoculated supernatant of lung tissues at 3 and 7 days post-infection (dpi), and found in the nasal swabs of H9N2-infected minks at 3-11 dpi, suggesting that H9N2 viruses replicated in the respiratory organ, were then shed outwards. HI antibody test showed that antibody levels began to rise at 7 dpi.
conclusionsOur data provided the serological and experimental evidences that strongly suggested farmed minks under the natural state were susceptible to H9N2 viral infection and might be the H9N2 virus carriers. It is imperative to strengthen the H9N2 viral monitoring in farmed minks and pay urgent attention to prevent and control new influenza viruses pandemic prevalence.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.