Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26526599›Full record

ArticleNeurogastroenterology and motility2016

Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats demonstrate altered interstitial cells of Cajal. Effects on ICC in the Walker 256 tumor model.

L Fracaro, F C V Frez, B C Silva, G E Vicentini, S R G de Souza, H A Martins, D R Linden, F A Guarnier, J N Zanoni

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurogastroenterology and motility, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Cancer cachexia: molecular basis and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

L FracaroDepartment of Morfological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
F C V FrezDepartment of Morfological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
B C SilvaDepartment of Morfological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
G E VicentiniDepartment of Morfological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
S R G de SouzaDepartment of Morfological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
H A MartinsDepartment of Morfological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
D R LindenDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
F A GuarnierDepartment of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
J N ZanoniDepartment of Morfological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual de Maringá · BRMayo Clinic in Florida · USUniversidade Estadual de Londrina · BR

Funding

Neuroregeneration in the Enteric Nervous SystemR01DK106011 · NIDDK · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI LINDEN, DAVID R. · 2015 to 2017
$1.1M
NIDDK NIH HHS DK106011NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK106011
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCachexia is a significant problem in patients with cancer. The effect of cancer on interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and neurons of the gastrointestinal tract have not been studied previously. Although supplementation with L-glutamine 2% may have beneficial effects in cancer-related cachexia, and be protective of ICC in models of oxidative stress such as diabetes, its effects on ICC in cancer have also not been studied.

methodsTwenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (C), control supplemented with L-glutamine (CG), Walker 256 tumor (WT), and Walker 256 tumor supplemented with L-glutamine (WTG). Rats were implanted with tumor cells or injected with saline in the right flank. After 14 days, the jejunal tissues were collected and processed for immunohistochemical techniques including whole mounts and cryosections and Western blot analysis. KEY

resultsTumor-bearing rats demonstrate reduced numbers of Myenteric ICC and deep muscular plexus ICC and yet increased Ano1 protein expression and enhanced ICC networks. In addition, there is more nNOS protein expressed in tumor-bearing rats compared to controls. L-glutamine treatment had a variety of effects on ICC that may be related to the disease state and the interaction of ICC and nNOS neurons. Regardless, L-glutamine reduced the size of tumors and also tumor-induced cachexia that was not due to altered food intake. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: There are significant effects on ICC in the Walker 256 tumor model. Although supplementation with L-glutamine has differential and complex effects of ICC, it reduces tumor size and tumor-associated cachexia, which supports its beneficial therapeutic role in cancer.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnoctamin-1Blotting, WesternCachexiaCarcinoma 256, WalkerChloride ChannelsGlutamineImmunohistochemistryInterstitial Cells of CajalJejunumMaleMyenteric PlexusNitric Oxide Synthase Type IOxidative StressRatsRats, WistarANO1 protein, ratAnoctamin-1Chloride ChannelsGlutamineNitric Oxide Synthase Type INos1 protein, ratantioxidantscancerenteric nervous systemimmunohistochemistryintestinal motility

Identifiers

PMID26526599
PMCPMC4688090
OpenAlexW2169588145

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.