ArticleHealth affairs (Project Hope)2015
Restaurants With Calories Displayed On Menus Had Lower Calorie Counts Compared To Restaurants Without Such Labels.
Article in Health affairs (Project Hope), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Calorie Labeling and Modified Calorie Labeling Interventions: Impact on Consumer and Restaurant Behavior.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2017Pooled it
- Eco-Focused Menu Labels on Full Meal Orders From Fast-Food Restaurants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA health forum · 2026Trial
- Food Away From Home and Body Mass Index: Insights From a Quantile Regression Analysis of NHANES 2011-2020.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Mandating Calorie Labels on Prepared Foods in Supermarkets.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Changes in energy content of menu items at out-of-home food outlets in England after calorie labelling policy implementation: a pre-post analysis (2021-2022).BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Evaluating the application of front-of-package labelling regulations to menu labelling in the Canadian restaurant sector using menu food label information and price (Menu-FLIP) 2020 data.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- The Effects of Ontario Menu Labelling Regulations on Nutritional Quality of Chain Restaurant Menu Items-Cross-Sectional Examination.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Kilocalorie labelling in the out-of-home sector: an observational study of business practices and consumer behaviour prior to implementation of the mandatory calorie labelling policy in England, 2022.BMC public health · 2023Observational
- Article
- Consumers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Calorie Labeling in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Assessment.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Changes in Calorie Content of Menu Items at Large Chain Restaurants After Implementation of Calorie Labels.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Calorie Labeling and Product Reformulation: A Longitudinal Analysis of Supermarket-Prepared Foods.American journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Trends in the healthiness of U.S. fast food meals, 2008-2017.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Health and Economic Impacts of the National Menu Calorie Labeling Law in the United States: A Microsimulation Study.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2020Article
- Trends in the Nutrition Profile of Menu Items at Large Burger Chain Restaurants.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020Article
- Effects of Menu Labeling Policies on Transnational Restaurant Chains to Promote a Healthy Diet: A Scoping Review to Inform Policy and Research.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Federal calorie labelling compliance at US chain restaurants.Obesity science & practice · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Beginning in December 2016, calorie labeling on menus will be mandatory for US chain restaurants and many other establishments that serve food, such as ice cream shops and movie theaters. But before the federal mandate kicks in, several large chain restaurants have begun to voluntarily display information about the calories in the items on their menus. This increased transparency may be associated with lower overall calorie content of offered items. This study used data for the period 2012-14 from the MenuStat project, a data set of menu items at sixty-six of the largest US restaurant chains. We compared differences in calorie counts of food items between restaurants that voluntarily implemented national menu labeling and those that did not. We found that the mean per item calorie content in all years was lower for restaurants that voluntarily posted information about calories (the differences were 139 calories in 2012, 136 in 2013, and 139 in 2014). New menu items introduced in 2013 and 2014 showed a similar pattern. Calorie labeling may have important effects on the food served in restaurants by compelling the introduction of lower-calorie items.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.