ArticleThe American journal of medicine2016
Mining Retrospective Data for Virtual Prospective Drug Repurposing: L-DOPA and Age-related Macular Degeneration.
Article in The American journal of medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of L-Dopa on the Progression of Retinitis Pigmentosa
Pilot Study of L-DOPA Safety and Tolerability in Patients With AMD, and Proof of Concept That L-DOPA Improves Surrogate Biomarkers in Patients With Moderate to Advanced AMD
Short Term Effects of Carbidopa-levodopa in Neovascular AMD
Proof of Concept and Dose Ranging Study of Carbidopa-levodopa in Neovascular AMD
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal Function in Young Adults Following Topical Application of Levodopa to the Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Trial
- Levodopa Is Associated with Reduced Development of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmology. Retina · 2023Trial
- The safety and tolerability of levodopa eye drops for the treatment of ocular disorders: A randomized first-in-human study.Clinical and translational science · 2022Trial
- The Role of Dopaminergic Agonists in Geographic Atrophy: Converging Evidence From Clinical and Experimental Data.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Functional polymorphisms in pigmentation-related genesBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- L-DOPA treatment promotes sustained neurovascular and synaptic homeostasis in the diabetic retina.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Levodopa Suppresses Choroidal Neovascularization Through a Tyrosinase-Dependent Dual Mechanism.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Zinc in eye health, retinal biology and disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- Title Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: From Molecular Mechanisms to Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sustained Benefit of Short-Term Levodopa Treatment on Inner Retinal Function in Patients With Diabetes.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Retinal Thickness in Patients with Parkinson's Disease and Dopa Responsive Dystonia-Is There Any Difference?Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Insights into lysosome-related organelle biogenesis: melanosome as a model organelle.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Specialised features of melanosomes in health and disease in the retinal pigment epithelium.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Different Therapeutic Approaches for Dry and Wet AMD.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Levodopa is associated with reduced development of new-onset geographic atrophy in patients with age-related macular degeneration.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2024Article
- Immunogenetic and Environmental Factors in Age-Related Macular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Represent Novel Therapeutic Targets for Choroideremia.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Repurposing medications for treatment of age-related macular degeneration: Insights from novel approaches to data mining.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Diabetic rats with high levels of endogenous dopamine do not show retinal vascular pathology.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Repurposing Drugs for Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual loss among the elderly. A key cell type involved in AMD, the retinal pigment epithelium, expresses a G protein-coupled receptor that, in response to its ligand, L-DOPA, up-regulates pigment epithelia-derived factor, while down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor. In this study we investigated the potential relationship between L-DOPA and AMD.
methodsWe used retrospective analysis to compare the incidence of AMD between patients taking vs not taking L-DOPA. We analyzed 2 separate cohorts of patients with extensive medical records from the Marshfield Clinic (approximately 17,000 and approximately 20,000) and the Truven MarketScan outpatient and databases (approximately 87 million) patients. We used International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes to identify AMD diagnoses and L-DOPA prescriptions to determine the relative risk of developing AMD and age of onset with or without an L-DOPA prescription.
resultsIn the retrospective analysis of patients without an L-DOPA prescription, AMD age of onset was 71.2, 71.3, and 71.3 in 3 independent retrospective cohorts. Age-related macular degeneration occurred significantly later in patients with an L-DOPA prescription, 79.4 in all cohorts. The odds ratio of developing AMD was also significantly negatively correlated by L-DOPA (odds ratio 0.78; confidence interval, 0.76-0.80; P <.001). Similar results were observed for neovascular AMD (P <.001).
conclusionsExogenous L-DOPA was protective against AMD. L-DOPA is normally produced in pigmented tissues, such as the retinal pigment epithelium, as a byproduct of melanin synthesis by tyrosinase. GPR143 is the only known L-DOPA receptor; it is therefore plausible that GPR143 may be a fruitful target to combat this devastating disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.