ArticleBMC medical research methodology2015
Flexible combination of multiple diagnostic biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trefoil factor family 3 (TFF3) and migration inducting gene 7 (MIG7) as molecular markers for early detection of endometrial carcinoma micro metastases.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of combinatorial mRNA biomarkers for non-invasive detection and therapy monitoring of oral and oropharyngeal SCC.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- A quadral biosignature of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12 and IP-10 increases the diagnostic potential for latent tuberculosis among diabetic patients in Uganda.BMC immunology · 2025Article
- Biomarkers for intensive care unit-acquired weakness: a systematic review for prediction, diagnosis and prognosis.Annals of intensive care · 2025Review
- Predictive machine learning and multimodal data to develop highly sensitive, composite biomarkers of disease progression in Friedreich ataxia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development of quantitative detection methods for four Alzheimer's disease specific biomarker panels using electrochemical immunosensors based on enzyme immunoassay.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2024Article
- All-in-One, Wireless, Multi-Sensor Integrated Athlete Health Monitor for Real-Time Continuous Detection of Dehydration and Physiological Stress.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of models combining the renal biomarkers in predicting renal scarring in pediatric population with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).Irish journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Targeting amyloid proteins for clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.Fundamental research · 2023Review
- Establishment of a male fertility prediction model with sperm RNA markers in pigs as a translational animal model.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Evaluation of a transcriptomic signature of tuberculosis risk in combination with an interferon gamma release assay: A diagnostic test accuracy study.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- The Role of Epigenetic and Biological Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review Approach.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Challenges of Multiplex Assays for COVID-19 Research: A Machine Learning Perspective.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Combination of multiple functional markers to improve diagnostic accuracy.Journal of applied statistics · 2022Article
- Non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring tool of children's mental health: A point-of-care immunosensor for IL-6 quantification in saliva samples.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Faecal Diagnostic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer.Cancers · 2021Article
- Combining biomarkers by maximizing the true positive rate for a fixed false positive rate.Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift · 2021Article
- Extracellular microRNA profiling in human follicular fluid: new biomarkers in female reproductive potential.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2020Review
- Diagnostic accuracy of maternal serum multiple marker screening for early detection of gestational diabetes mellitus in the absence of a gold standard test.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- MicroRNA-Based Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Therapeutic Response in Patients with Depression.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn medical research, it is common to collect information of multiple continuous biomarkers to improve the accuracy of diagnostic tests. Combining the measurements of these biomarkers into one single score is a popular practice to integrate the collected information, where the accuracy of the resultant diagnostic test is usually improved. To measure the accuracy of a diagnostic test, the Youden index has been widely used in literature. Various parametric and nonparametric methods have been proposed to linearly combine biomarkers so that the corresponding Youden index can be optimized. Yet there seems to be little justification of enforcing such a linear combination.
methodsThis paper proposes a flexible approach that allows both linear and nonlinear combinations of biomarkers. The proposed approach formulates the problem in a large margin classification framework, where the combination function is embedded in a flexible reproducing kernel Hilbert space.
resultsAdvantages of the proposed approach are demonstrated in a variety of simulated experiments as well as a real application to a liver disorder study.
conclusionLinear combination of multiple diagnostic biomarkers are widely used without proper justification. Additional research on flexible framework allowing both linear and nonlinear combinations is in need.
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