ArticlePediatric surgery international2016
The rising incidence of pediatric empyema with fistula.
Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Comprehensive Review of Pediatric Necrotizing Pneumonia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Necrotizing pneumonia in children: Chest computed tomography vs. lung ultrasound.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Perioperative implications of thoracic decortications: a retrospective cohort study.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeThe incidence and etiology of empyema with fistula (EWF) in children is unknown. We analyzed a national database to define the epidemiology and diagnoses associated with this condition.
methodsDischarge data from the Kids' Inpatient Database were reviewed for EWF (ICD-9 diagnosis code 510.0) in children ≤18 years from 2000 to 2012. Patient characteristics, institutional data, and accompanying conditions were evaluated. Weighted national estimates were calculated and incidence compared across years (2000, 2003, 2006, 2009) using the Rao-Scott Chi Square.
resultsFrom 2000 to 2012, 908 children were hospitalized with EWF. Age distribution was bimodal. Common primary diagnoses related to the hospitalization were pneumonia/pulmonary abscess (31.2 %) and EWF (19.3 %). Manipulation of the pleural space (e.g. decortication, drainage) comprised 45.0 % of procedures. Incidence rates of EWF increased (Rao Scott Adjusted Chi Square: 16.13, p < 0.01) over the study period. Although not statistically significant, median length of stay and age of diagnosis decreased and increased, respectively.
conclusionThis first, national pediatric EWF study reveals rising incidence during the years 2000-2009. Despite limitations in ICD-9 coding, concomitant primary diagnoses and procedures suggest bronchopleural fistulae likely represent the vast majority of cases in this cohort. Multi-institutional studies are needed to confirm etiology and characterize outcome of EWF.
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