ReviewNeurology2016
Developmental effects of antiepileptic drugs and the need for improved regulations.
Review in Neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Precision medicine in women with epilepsy: The challenge, systematic review, and future direction.Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2021Pooled it
- Evaluation of the management of high-risk obstetric patients living with epilepsy: A retrospective study from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2026Article
- Treatment patterns and access among people with epilepsy of childbearing potential in Peru.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Evidence of Sex-Related Pharmacodynamic Differences in Photosensitive Epilepsy Treated with Valproate: Findings from a Retrospective, Observational, Single-Center, Within-Patient, Cohort Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review of Human Teratogens and Their Impact on the Developing Brain: A Contribution From the ConcePTION Project.Birth defects research · 2025Article
- A Narrative Review on the Effect of Valproic Acid on the Placenta.Birth defects research · 2025Review
- The use of antiepileptic drugs and their effects in pregnancy.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of neurodevelopmental toxicity of topiramate.Critical reviews in toxicology · 2024Review
- Prescribing Trends of Antiseizure Drugs in Women Veterans With Epilepsy.Military medicine · 2023Article
- Utilization of Antiseizure Medications in Women of Childbearing Age With Epilepsy and Nonepilepsy Indications: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Neurology · 2023Article
- Does Ketogenic Diet Used in Pregnancy Affect the Nervous System Development in Offspring?─FTIR Microspectroscopy Study.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cognitive outcomes at age 3 years in children with fetal exposure to antiseizure medications (MONEAD study) in the USA: a prospective, observational cohort study.The Lancet. Neurology · 2023Observational
- Economic Evaluation of the Community Benefit of the Australian Pregnancy Register of Antiseizure Medications.Neurology · 2023Observational
- Expert consensus on neurodevelopmental outcomes in pregnancy pharmacovigilance studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Integrative genomics reveals pathogenic mediator of valproate-induced neurodevelopmental disability.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Effects of Maternal Use of Antiseizure Medications on Child Development.Neurologic clinics · 2022Review
- Development of Mechanistic Neural Mass (mNM) Models that Link Physiology to Mean-Field Dynamics.Frontiers in network physiology · 2022Article
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children exposed prenatally to levetiracetam.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2022Review
- Neurocognitive Effects of Antiseizure Medications in Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy.Paediatric drugs · 2021Review
- Neurodevelopment Following Exposure to Antiseizure Medications in Utero: A Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are among the most common teratogenic drugs prescribed to women of childbearing age. AEDs can induce both anatomical (malformations) and behavioral (cognitive/behavioral deficits) teratogenicity. Only in the last decade have we begun to truly discriminate differential AED developmental effects. Fetal valproate exposure carries a special risk for both anatomical and behavioral teratogenic abnormalities, but the mechanisms and reasons for individual variability are unknown. Intermediate anatomical risks exist for phenobarbital and topiramate. Several AEDs (e.g., lamotrigine and levetiracetam) appear to possess low risks for both anatomical and behavioral teratogenesis. Despite advances in the past decade, our knowledge of the teratogenic risks for most AEDs and the underlying mechanisms remain inadequate. Further, the long-term effects of AEDs in neonates and older children remain uncertain. The pace of progress is slow given the lifelong consequences of diminished developmental outcomes, exposing children unnecessarily to potential adverse effects. It is imperative that new approaches be employed to determine risks more expediently. Our recommendations include a national reporting system for congenital malformations, federal funding of the North American AED Pregnancy Registry, routine meta-analyses of cohort studies to detect teratogenic signals, monitoring of AED prescription practices for women, routine preclinical testing of all new AEDs for neurodevelopmental effects, more specific Food and Drug Administration requirements to establish differential AED cognitive effects in children, and improved funding of basic and clinical research to fully delineate risks and underlying mechanisms for AED-induced anatomical and behavioral teratogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.