ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2015
IL-21 Promotes Pulmonary Fibrosis through the Induction of Profibrotic CD8+ T Cells.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Tweaking the Complex Fibrogenic Role of Lymphocytes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- Chronic IL-21 exposure reshapes pulmonary environment, elevating risk of respiratory diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Peripheral leukocyte transcriptomic changes in preweaned Holstein heifer calves with varying stages of Bovine Respiratory Disease.PloS one · 2026Article
- Anti- Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 Antibody Positive Dermatomyositis: Recent Progress in Pathophysiology and Treatment.Current rheumatology reports · 2025Review
- Fibroblast-derived interleukin-11 as a potential biomarker for intestinal fibrostenosis in Crohn's disease.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2025Article
- CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Scaling deep identifiable models enables zero-shot characterization of single-cell biological states.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Immune mechanisms and novel therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2024Review
- TGF-β signaling: critical nexus of fibrogenesis and cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- Murine MHC-Deficient Nonobese Diabetic Mice Carrying Human HLA-DQ8 Develop Severe Myocarditis and Myositis in Response to Anti-PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Cancer Therapy.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- A prognostic model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis constructed based on macrophage and mitochondria-related genes.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- IL-21, not IL-17A, exacerbates murine primary biliary cholangitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- The effector program of human CD8 T cells supports tissue remodeling.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- APPLICATION OF QUANTILE DISCRETIZATION AND BAYESIAN NETWORK ANALYSIS TO PUBLICLY AVAILABLE CYSTIC FIBROSIS DATA SETS.Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing · 2024Article
- The Role of Immune Cells in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- T Follicular Helper Cells in Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Contribute to Renal Fibrosis by IL-21.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Tissue-resident memory T cells and lung immunopathology.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease.PloS one · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Type 2 effector production of IL-13, a demonstrated requirement in models of fibrosis, is routinely ascribed to CD4(+) Th2 cells. We now demonstrate a major role for CD8(+) T cells in a murine model of sterile lung injury. These pulmonary CD8(+) T cells differentiate into IL-13-producing Tc2 cells and play a major role in a bleomycin-induced model of fibrosis. Differentiation of these Tc2 cells in the lung requires IL-21, and bleomycin treated IL-21- and IL-21R-deficient mice develop inflammation but not fibrosis. Moreover, IL-21R-expressing CD8(+) cells are sufficient to reconstitute the fibrotic response in IL-21R-deficient mice. We further show that the combination of IL-4 and IL-21 skews naive CD8(+) T cells to produce IL-21, which, in turn, acts in an autocrine manner to support robust IL-13 production. Our data reveal a novel pathway involved in the onset and regulation of pulmonary fibrosis and identify Tc2 cells as key mediators of fibrogenesis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.