Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2016
The Dynamic Relationship Between Clinical Symptomatology and Viral Shedding in Naturally Acquired Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza Virus Infections.
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04453553 (COVID-19 in Vitro Diagnostic Near-patient Testing in Care Environments Using a Cluster Randomised Open-label Trial Design in an East London Care Home Population), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
COVID-19 in Vitro Diagnostic Near-patient Testing in Care Environments Using a Cluster Randomised Open-label Trial Design in an East London Care Home Population
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using secondary cases to characterize the severity of an emerging or re-emerging infection.Nature communications · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Transmission routes of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: analyses of inflight outbreaks.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Pooled it
- Peak Nasal SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Viral Loads Relative to Symptom Onset, 2022-2025: Impact of Vaccination and Implications for Multiplexed Testing.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The roles of pre-season immunity, age, viral shedding, and community exposures in shaping influenza household transmission dynamics.Nature communications · 2026Article
- In vitro efficacy of anti-influenza active compounds against clinical isolates with high growth capability.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Viral Detection and Clinical Disease Features in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Generation of an Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Type II In Vitro Model to Study Influenza A Virus Infection and Drug Treatments.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Next-generation intranasal influenza vaccines: mechanisms, platforms, and translational progress.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Peak Nasal SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Viral Loads Relative to Symptom Onset, 2022-2025: Impact of Vaccination and Implications for Multiplexed Testing.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The relative contribution of close-proximity contacts, shared classroom exposure and indoor air quality to respiratory virus transmission in schools.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The relative contribution of close-proximity contacts, shared classroom exposure and indoor air quality to respiratory virus transmission in schools.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Comparison of Viral Aerosol Shedding by Mild and Moderately Symptomatic Community-Acquired and Nasally Inoculated Influenza A(H3) Infection.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
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- Influenza virus shedding and symptoms: Dynamics and implications from a multiseason household transmission study.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- [Expert recommendations for the prevention of common respiratory viral infections in neonates].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024Article
- Wastewater Surveillance to Confirm Differences in Influenza A Infection between Michigan, USA, and Ontario, Canada, September 2022-March 2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Modeling the transmission mitigation impact of testing for infectious diseases.Science advances · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the pattern of viral shedding over time has been documented in volunteer challenge studies, understanding of the relationship between clinical symptomatology and viral shedding in naturally acquired influenza infections in humans remains limited.
methodsIn a community-based study in Hong Kong from 2008 to 2014, we followed up initially healthy individuals and identified 224 secondary cases of natural influenza virus infection in the household setting. We examined the dynamic relationship between patterns of clinical symptomatology and viral shedding as quantified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and viral culture in 127 cases with a clinical picture of acute respiratory infection.
resultsViral shedding in influenza A virus infections peaked on the first 1-2 days of clinical illness, and decreased gradually to undetectable levels by day 6-7, matching closely with the dynamics of clinical illness. Viral shedding in influenza B virus infections rose up to 2 days prior to symptom onset and persisted for 6-7 days after onset with a bimodal pattern.
conclusionsOur results suggest that while clinical illness profiles may serve as a proxy for clinical infectiousness in influenza A virus infections, patients may potentially be infectious even before symptom onset or after clinical improvement in influenza B virus infections.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.