ArticleInternational journal of legal medicine2016
Forensic age diagnostics using projection radiography of the clavicle: a prospective multi-center validation study.
Article in International journal of legal medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Standards of practice in forensic age estimation with CT of the medial clavicular epiphysis-a systematic review.International journal of legal medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Combining medial clavicular epiphysis ossification and clavicle length on conventional radiography for forensic age estimation: A multivariable regression approach.Journal of forensic sciences · 2026Article
- The role of forensic imaging in the allegations of torture in asylum seekers.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Review
- The migrant experience through the lens of forensic medicine: the multifaceted utility of asylum applicants' medico-legal narratives and forensic evidence analysed over time.International journal of legal medicine · 2025Article
- Postmortem computed tomography assessment of skeletal and dental age in Polish children, adolescents, and young adults.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2024Article
- Forensic age estimation in living adolescents with CT imaging of the clavicula-impact of low-dose scanning on readers' confidence.European radiology · 2020Article
- Anatomic shape variants of extremitas sternalis claviculae as collected from sternoclavicular thin-slice CT-studies of 2820 male borderline-adults.International journal of legal medicine · 2019Article
- Age-Related Trends in the Trabecular Micro-Architecture of the Medial Clavicle: Is It of Use in Forensic Science?Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2019Article
- A 2-year follow-up MRI study for the evaluation of an age estimation method based on knee bone development.International journal of legal medicine · 2019Article
- Intraindividual incongruences of medially ossifying clavicles in borderline adults as seen from thin-slice CT studies of 2595 male persons.International journal of legal medicine · 2018Article
- Methodology for the identification of vulnerable asylum seekers.International journal of legal medicine · 2017Article
- Comparison of imaging planes during CT-based evaluation of clavicular ossification: a multi-center study.International journal of legal medicine · 2017Article
- The role of forensic medicine and forensic dentistry in estimating the chronological age of living individuals in Hamburg, Germany.International journal of legal medicine · 2017Article
- Evaluation of the ossification of the medial clavicle according to the Kellinghaus substage system in identifying the 18-year-old age limit in the estimation of forensic age-is it necessary?International journal of legal medicine · 2017Article
- Systematic procedure for identifying the five main ossification stages of the medial clavicular epiphysis using computed tomography: a practical proposal for forensic age diagnostics.International journal of legal medicine · 2017Article
- Optimising magnetic resonance imaging-based evaluation of the ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis: a multi-centre study.International journal of legal medicine · 2016Article
- Ossification of the Medial Clavicular Epiphysis on Chest Radiographs: Utility and Diagnostic Accuracy in Identifying Korean Adolescents and Young Adults under the Age of Majority.Journal of Korean medical science · 2016Article
- Evaluation of age estimation in forensic medicine by examination of medial clavicular ossification from thin-slice computed tomography images.International journal of legal medicine · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The radiological investigation of the ossification stage of the medial clavicular epiphysis represents the crucial tool for assessing whether a living individual has completed the age of 18 years. However, exposure to radiation cannot always be accepted due to legal reasons and radiation-free methods still lack reference data or are not available. Therefore, this study examines the role of pre-existing radiographic material of the clavicles, making it necessary to prospectively validate the established five-stage classification system for evaluating the clavicular ossification process as well as to enlarge the so far very limited pool of available reference data. Accordingly, standard posterior-anterior projection radiographs of 836 sternoclavicular joints prospectively obtained during 418 forensic autopsies (age range 15-30 years) were analyzed. Stage III was first found at ages 16 and 15 (males/females), stage IV at ages 22 and 21 (males/females), and stage V at age 26 in both sexes. The presented results principally corroborate the previous reference data from 2004, suggesting reliability of the five-stage classification system. In conclusion, chest radiographs may still be useful for forensic age diagnostics in living individuals but only in certain cases. In age estimations which can be planned in advance, projection radiography of the clavicle must still be considered obsolete.
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