ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2016
Different activations of toll-like receptors and antimicrobial peptides in chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR-4) gene expression and polymorphisms in patients with severe asthma.Journal of medicine and lifeTrial
- Review
- Human beta defensin-2 protects the epithelial barrier during methicillin-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Epithelial innate immune response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived flagellin in chronic rhinosinusitis.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2023Article
- Unraveling the Role of Epithelial Cells in the Development of Chronic Rhinosinusitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Autoimmunity: A New Focus on Nasal Polyps.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A Review on the Nasal Microbiome and Various Disease Conditions for Newer Approaches to Treatments.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2023Article
- Chronic Rhinosinusitis,Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Polyphenolic Profile, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Activities of Some African Medicinal Plants.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Staphylococcus aureus Overcomes Anaerobe-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acid Stress via FadX and the CodY Regulon.Journal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Mechanisms and pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Review
- Evidence for role of acid-sensing ion channel 1a in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2021Article
- [Antimicrobial peptides and proteins in chronic rhinosinusitis].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2021Review
- Bacteriological analysis of selected phenotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis with co-existing asthma, allergy and hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2021Article
- Advances in the Knowledge of the Underlying Airway Remodeling Mechanisms in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Based on the Endotypes: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- TLR Signals in Epithelial Cells in the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses.Frontiers in allergy · 2021Review
- [The role of epithelial cells in the formation and development of nasal polyps].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2020Review
- Differential expression and role of S100 proteins in chronic rhinosinusitis.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Review
- The microbiome of the upper respiratory tract in health and disease.BMC biology · 2019Review
- Inflammation and Endotyping in Chronic Rhinosinusitis-A Paradigm Shift.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Both up- and down-regulation of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of the sinonasal mucosa have already been associated with the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. The objective of this study was to determine the expression of all known TLR and several AMP genes and some selected proteins in association with allergy, asthma and aspirin intolerance (ASA) in CRS subgroups. RT-PCR was applied to measure the mRNA expressions of 10 TLRs, four defensins, lysozyme, cathelicidin and lactoferrin (LTF) in sinonasal samples from patients with CRSsNP (n = 19), CRSwNP [ASA(-): 17; ASA(+): 7] and in control subjects (n = 12). Protein expressions were detected with immunohistochemistry (n = 10). Statistical analysis was done with the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U, and Student t test. TLR2, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, β-defensins 1 and 4, cathelicidin and LTF mRNA expressions were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in CRSwNP, whereas only TLR2 and LTF were up-regulated in CRSsNP compared to controls. There was no statistical difference in respect of allergy, aspirin intolerance and smoking between CRSsNP, ASA(-) and ASA(+) CRSwNP patients. TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, LTF, β defensin 2 and lysozyme protein expressions were found to be elevated in macrophages of CRSwNP samples (p < 0.05). Gene expression analysis showed markedly different expressions in CRSwNP (6 out of 10 TLR and 4 out of 7 AMP genes were up-regulated) compared to CRSsNP (1/10, 1/7). The distinct activation of the innate immunity may support the concept that CRSsNP and CRSwNP are different subtypes of CRS. These findings were found to be independent from allergy, asthma, smoking, aspirin intolerance and systemic steroid application.
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