ArticleEuropean journal of pain (London, England)2016
Transdermal cannabidiol reduces inflammation and pain-related behaviours in a rat model of arthritis.
Article in European journal of pain (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 130 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Use of Cannabinoid Patch for Knee Osteoarthritis
The Effects of Topical Cannabidiol Cream on Post-exercise Recovery
Pilot Study Using Topical Cannabidiol (CBD) to Manage Osteoarthritic Knee Pain
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of minor phytocannabinoids with promising neuroprotective potential.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- An open-label phase I comparator-controlled clinical trial to assess tolerability and pharmacokinetics of IHL-675 A a fixed dose combination of cannabidiol plus hydroxychloroquine in healthy volunteers.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- An open-label feasibility trial of transdermal cannabidiol for hand osteoarthritis.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Effects of hemp supplementation during resistance training in trained young adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- Pharmacological Switching in Minor Phytocannabinoids: A Mechanistic Framework for Compound-Indication Matching and Precision Neurotherapeutic Development.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cannabidiol-DominantNutrients · 2026Article
- Exploring the therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in soft tissue wound healing: Delivery strategies and anti-inflammatory pathways.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Topical analgesics for neuropathic pain: an evidence-informed guide for the practicing clinician.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Cannabidiol suppresses emergency MDSCs generation by disturbing EEF1B2-mediated C/EBPJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol: Pharmaceutical formulations and biomedical applications.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- The Effect of Cannabidiol on Nociceptive Behaviour and the Endocannabinoid System in an Incisional Wound Model.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Formulation and Analytical Evaluation of Liquid Cannabidiol Preparations: Comparative Study of Oil-Based Solutions and Emulsions.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Cannabidiol's Antioxidant Properties in Skin Care Products and Legislative Regulations.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Dose-dependent effects of cannabidiol in drinking water on yolk fatty acid profile and hepatic expression of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) -related genes in laying hens: insights into the cannabidiol (CBD) systemic and molecular mechanisms of action.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Hydrogel-Based Delivery Systems for Non-Opioid Analgesics: Advances, Challenges, and Clinical Prospects.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Cannabidiol Oil's Effects on Sedation, Behavioral Responses to Handling, and Nociceptive Thresholds in Healthy Cats.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Effects of different doses of Ganoderic Acid A on nociceptive behaviour and inflammatory parameters in polyarthritic mice rheumatoid arthritis model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nav1.8, an analgesic target for nonpsychotomimetic phytocannabinoids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Natural Products Derived from Cannabis sativa for Pain Management.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2025Review
- Understanding the Potential of CBD for Health Benefits: An Overview.Current drug discovery technologies · 2025Review
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent arthritis treatments often have side-effects attributable to active compounds as well as route of administration. Cannabidiol (CBD) attenuates inflammation and pain without side-effects, but CBD is hydrophobic and has poor oral bioavailability. Topical drug application avoids gastrointestinal administration, first pass metabolism, providing more constant plasma levels.
methodsThis study examined efficacy of transdermal CBD for reduction in inflammation and pain, assessing any adverse effects in a rat complete Freund's adjuvant-induced monoarthritic knee joint model. CBD gels (0.6, 3.1, 6.2 or 62.3 mg/day) were applied for 4 consecutive days after arthritis induction. Joint circumference and immune cell invasion in histological sections were measured to indicate level of inflammation. Paw withdrawal latency (PWL) in response to noxious heat stimulation determined nociceptive sensitization, and exploratory behaviour ascertained animal's activity level.
resultsMeasurement of plasma CBD concentration provided by transdermal absorption revealed linearity with 0.6-6.2 mg/day doses. Transdermal CBD gel significantly reduced joint swelling, limb posture scores as a rating of spontaneous pain, immune cell infiltration and thickening of the synovial membrane in a dose-dependent manner. PWL recovered to near baseline level. Immunohistochemical analysis of spinal cord (CGRP, OX42) and dorsal root ganglia (TNFα) revealed dose-dependent reductions of pro-inflammatory biomarkers. Results showed 6.2 and 62 mg/day were effective doses. Exploratory behaviour was not altered by CBD indicating limited effect on higher brain function.
conclusionsThese data indicate that topical CBD application has therapeutic potential for relief of arthritis pain-related behaviours and inflammation without evident side-effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.