ArticleViruses2015
Low Proviral Load is Associated with Indeterminate Western Blot Patterns in Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infected Individuals: Could Punctual Mutations be Related?
Article in Viruses, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- TAX gene expression is associated with western blot patterns and high viral loadin HTLV-1 infected individuals.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a duplex real-time PCR for the rapid detection and quantitation of HTLV-1.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Phenotypic and functional analysis of γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A novel high performing multiplex immunoassay Multi-HTLV for serological confirmation and typing of HTLV infections.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus infection among blood donors in China: a first nationwide survey.Retrovirology · 2021Article
- Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2020: human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Article
- Human T-Lymphotropic Virus-1/2 Infection in Central Brazil Prisons: A Multicenter Study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Rapid and Accurate Confirmatory Diagnosis of HTLV-1/2 Infection.Viruses · 2020Article
- Article
- Molecular detection of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 infection among oncology patients in Germany: A retrospective view.PloS one · 2019Article
- Proviral Features of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 in Carriers with Indeterminate Western Blot Analysis Results.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2017Article
- Importance of a Rapid and Accurate Diagnosis inFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma and the Importance of Considering the Oncogenic and Immune-Suppressant Role of the Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1: A Case Report.Frontiers in oncology · 2017Article
- Comparative performances of serologic and molecular assays for detecting human T lymphotropic virus type 1 and type 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesArticle
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7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundindeterminate Western blot (WB) patterns are a major concern for diagnosis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection, even in non-endemic areas.
objectives(a) to define the prevalence of indeterminate WB among different populations from Argentina; (b) to evaluate if low proviral load (PVL) is associated with indeterminate WB profiles; and (c) to describe mutations in LTR and tax sequence of these cases.
resultsAmong 2031 samples, 294 were reactive by screening. Of them, 48 (16.3%) were WB indeterminate and of those 15 (31.3%) were PCR+. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed to 52 HTLV-1+ samples, classified as Group 1 (G1): 25 WB+ samples from individuals with pathologies; Group 2 (G2): 18 WB+ samples from asymptomatic carriers (AC); and Group 3 (G3): 9 seroindeterminate samples from AC. Median PVL was 4.78, 2.38, and 0.15 HTLV-1 copies/100 PBMCs, respectively; a significant difference (p=0.003) was observed. Age and sex were associated with PVL in G1 and G2, respectively. Mutations in the distal and central regions of Tax Responsive Elements (TRE) 1 and 2 of G3 were observed, though not associated with PVL.The 8403A>G mutation of the distal region, previously related to high PVL, was absent in G3 but present in 50% of WB+ samples (p = 0.03).
conclusionsindeterminate WB results confirmed later as HTLV-1 positive may be associated with low PVL levels. Mutations in LTR and tax are described; their functional relevance remains to be determined.
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