ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2015
Combined Effects of Soy Isoflavones and β-Carotene on Osteoblast Differentiation.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of β-carotene on osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2023Pooled it
- A Retinoid Antagonist Attenuates Bone Growth Inhibition Caused by Growth Plate Injury in Mice.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2025Article
- Optimization of Peri-Implant Bone Repair in Estrogen-Deficient Rats on a Cafeteria Diet: The Combined Effects of Systemic Risedronate and Genistein-Functionalized Implants.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of bone-protecting effects of palm carotene mixture in two- and three-dimensional osteoblast/osteoclast co-culture systems.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for preformed vitamin A and β-carotene.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Simple Electrospinning Method for Biocompatible Polycaprolactone β-Carotene Scaffolds: Advantages and Limitations.Polymers · 2024Article
- A Network Pharmacology-Based Study on Vital Pharmacological Pathways and Targets of Eucommiae Cortex Acting on Osteoporosis.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Vitamin A and Bone Health: A Review on Current Evidence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Genistein contributes to cell cycle progression and regulates oxidative stress in primary culture of osteoblasts along with osteoclasts attenuation.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2020Article
- Evaluation of bone repair after application of a norbixin membrane scaffold with and without laser photobiomodulation (λ 780 nm).Lasers in medical science · 2018Article
- β-Carotene prevents bone loss in hind limb unloading mice.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2018Article
- β-Carotene: a natural osteogen to fabricate osteoinductive electrospun scaffolds.RSC advances · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Soy isoflavones, genistein, daidzein and its metabolite equol, as well as β-carotene have been reported to be effective for maintaining bone health. However, it remains to be elucidated whether combining soy isoflavones with β-carotene is beneficial to bone formation. This study investigated the combined effect of soy isoflavones and β-carotene on the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells. Daidzein and genistein alone did not affect cell growth but increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Beta-carotene alone inhibited cell growth and markedly enhanced ALP activity. Soy isoflavones combined with β-carotene resulted in higher ALP activity than treatment with isoflavones or β-carotene alone. We observed significant main effects of β-carotene on the enhanced expression of Runx2, ALP, and ostepontin mRNA, whereas there was a significant main effect of soy isoflavones on the expression of osterix mRNA. To investigate how β-carotene affected osteoblast differentiation, MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with retinoic acid receptor (RAR) pan-antagonist combined with β-carotene. Osteopontin and ALP mRNA expression levels, which were increased following treatment with β-carotene, were significantly suppressed by the RAR pan-antagonist. This suggests treatment with β-carotene enhanced early osteoblastic differentiation, at least in part via RAR signaling. These results indicate that a combination of isoflavones and β-carotene may be useful for maintaining a positive balance of bone turnover by inducing osteoblast differentiation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.