ArticlePloS one2015
Changes in Levels of Seminal Nitric Oxide Synthase, Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor, Sperm DNA Integrity and Caspase-3 in Fertile Men after Scrotal Heat Stress.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis.Human reproduction update · 2017Pooled it
- PTD-FNK Alleviated Heat Stress-Induced Apoptosis of Boar Sertoli Cells via the PI3K/AKT Pathway.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Exosome Nanotherapy Rescues Male Fertility by Delivering Integrin β1 to Repair Environmental Stress-Damaged Testes.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Effect of bioactive peptides on heat stress-induced testiculopathies in mature rats: immunohistopathological evidence.Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Phytochemical Evaluation ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Male Infertility: Established Methodologies and Future Perspectives.Genes · 2024Review
- Implications of Exposure to Air Pollution on Male Reproduction: The Role of Oxidative Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Impact of High Ambient Temperature on Human Sperm Parameters: A Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2022Review
- High temperature suppressed SSC self-renewal through S phase cell cycle arrest but not apoptosis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2019Article
- Effect of lansoprazole on human sperm motility, sperm viability, seminal nitric oxide production, and seminal calcium chelation.Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2018Article
- Type of underwear worn and markers of testicular function among men attending a fertility center.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2018Article
- Environmental Toxins and Male Fertility.Current urology reports · 2018Review
- Sperm Parameters, ASAs and Apoptosis After Processing by the Double Tube and Swim up Methods.American journal of men's healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study observes changes in levels of seminal nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), sperm DNA integrity, chromatin condensation and Caspase-3in adult healthy men after scrotal heat stress (SHS).
methodsExposure of the scrotum of 25 healthy male volunteers locally at 40-43°C SHS belt warming 40 min each day for successive 2 d per week. The course of SHS was continuously 3 months. Routine semen analysis, hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test, Aniline blue (AB) staining, HOS/AB and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UDP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) were carried out before, during and after SHS. Seminal NO and NOS contents were determined by nitrate reduction method. The activated Caspase-3 levels of spermatozoa and MIF in seminal plasma were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical significance between mean values was determined using statistical ANOVA tests.
resultsThe mean parameters of sperm concentration, motile and progressive motile sperm and normal morphological sperm were significantly decreased in groups during SHS 1, 2 and 3 months compared with those in groups of pre-SHS (P<0.001). Statistically significant differences of sperm DNA fragmentation, normal sperm membrane, and Caspase-3 activity as well as the level of NO, NOS and MIF in semen were observed between the groups before SHS and after SHS 3 months and the groups during SHS 1, 2 and 3 months (P<0.001). After three months of the SHS, various parameters recovered to the level before SHS. WBC in semen showed a positively significant correlation with the levels of NO, NOS, MIF and Caspase-3 activity. The percentage of abnormal sperm by using the test of HOS showed a positively significant correlation with that of HOS/AB.
conclusionsThe continuously constant SHS can impact the semen quality and sperm DNA and chromatin, which may be contributed to the high level of NO, NOS, MIF and Caspase-3 by SHS.
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