ArticleBMC infectious diseases2015
Longitudinal immune profiles in type 1 leprosy reactions in Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia and Nepal.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Factors associated with the development of leprosy in Brazilian contacts: a systematic review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2022Pooled it
- Detection of anti-M. leprae antibodies in children in leprosy-endemic areas: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Longitudinal assessment of anti-PGL-I serology in contacts of leprosy patients in Bangladesh.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Trial
- Glycosylation profile ofiScience · 2026Article
- Dynamics of Th1/Th17 responses and antimicrobial pathways in leprosy skin lesions.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Rapid test for Mycobacterium leprae infection: a practical tool for leprosy.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2024Article
- Leprosy.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Unveiling the role of NK cells, NKT-like cells, and γδ cells in pathogenesis of type 1 reactions in leprosy.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Leprosy: treatment, prevention, immune response and gene function.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Metformin as adjunctive therapy in combination with multidrug treatment for multibacillary leprosy: A protocol for a randomized double-blind, controlled Phase 2 trial in Indonesia (MetLep Trial).Wellcome open research · 2023Article
- Editorial: Leprosy reactions: New knowledge on pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Autophagy-Associated IL-15 Production Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Leprosy Type 1 Reaction.Cells · 2021Article
- Susceptibility and resistance in leprosy: Studies in the mouse model.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Insights intoProteomes · 2021Review
- Host-Related Laboratory Parameters for Leprosy Reactions.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Acid-Fast Bacilli Positivity Rate and Associated Factors among Leprosy Suspected Cases attending Selected Health Facilities located in West Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Household Contacts of Leprosy Patients in Endemic Areas Display a Specific Innate Immunity Profile.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Macrophage Polarization in Leprosy-HIV Co-infected Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Whole blood RNA signatures in leprosy patients identify reversal reactions before clinical onset: a prospective, multicenter study.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAcute inflammatory reactions are a frequently occurring, tissue destructing phenomenon in infectious- as well as autoimmune diseases, providing clinical challenges for early diagnosis. In leprosy, an infectious disease initiated by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), these reactions represent the major cause of permanent neuropathy. However, laboratory tests for early diagnosis of reactional episodes which would significantly contribute to prevention of tissue damage are not yet available. Although classical diagnostics involve a variety of tests, current research utilizes limited approaches for biomarker identification. In this study, we therefore studied leprosy as a model to identify biomarkers specific for inflammatory reactional episodes.
methodsTo identify host biomarker profiles associated with early onset of type 1 leprosy reactions, prospective cohorts including leprosy patients with and without reactions were recruited in Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia and Nepal. The presence of multiple cyto-/chemokines induced by M. leprae antigen stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as the levels of antibodies directed against M. leprae-specific antigens in sera, were measured longitudinally in patients.
resultsAt all sites, longitudinal analyses showed that IFN-γ-, IP-10-, IL-17- and VEGF-production by M. leprae (antigen)-stimulated PBMC peaked at diagnosis of type 1 reactions, compared to when reactions were absent. In contrast, IL-10 production decreased during type 1 reaction while increasing after treatment. Thus, ratios of these pro-inflammatory cytokines versus IL-10 provide useful tools for early diagnosing type 1 reactions and evaluating treatment. Of further importance for rapid diagnosis, circulating IP-10 in sera were significantly increased during type 1 reactions. On the other hand, humoral immunity, characterized by M. leprae-specific antibody detection, did not identify onset of type 1 reactions, but allowed treatment monitoring instead.
conclusionsThis study identifies immune-profiles as promising host biomarkers for detecting intra-individual changes during acute inflammation in leprosy, also providing an approach for other chronic (infectious) diseases to help early diagnose these episodes and contribute to timely treatment and prevention of tissue damage.
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