Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26510851›Full record

Trial reportBreast cancer research and treatment2015

Dose-response effects of aerobic exercise on estrogen among women at high risk for breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

Kathryn H Schmitz, Nancy I Williams, Despina Kontos, Susan Domchek, Knashawn H Morales, Wei-Ting Hwang, Lorita L Grant, Laura DiGiovanni, Domenick Salvatore, Desire' Fenderson and 8 more

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  11. Exercise therapy in cancer prevention and treatment.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Obesity and Breast Cancer Risk: The Oncogenic Implications of Metabolic Dysregulation.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer via Sex Hormones, Part 1: The Effect of Physical Activity on Sex Steroid Hormones.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kathryn H SchmitzPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA. schmitz@mail.med.upenn.edu.
Nancy I WilliamsDepartment of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA.
Despina KontosPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Susan DomchekPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Knashawn H MoralesPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Wei-Ting HwangPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Lorita L GrantPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Laura DiGiovanniPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Domenick SalvatorePerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Desire' FendersonPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Mitchell SchnallPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Mary Lou GalantinoPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Jill StopferPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Mindy S KurzerDepartment of Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Shandong WuDepartment of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
Jessica AdelmanPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Justin C BrownPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
Jerene GoodPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 8th Floor Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6021, USA.
University of Pennsylvania · USPennsylvania State University · USUniversity of Minnesota · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA CAN CTR SUPPORT GRANTP30CA016520 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SHELLEY L BERGER · 1985 to 2026
$222.3M
Institutional Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR000003 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI FITZGERALD, GARRET A · 2012 to 2015
$38.9M
YOUTH DRUG ABUSE, ADHD, AND RELATED DISRUPTIVE DISORDERSM01RR000400 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI BACHANOVA, VERONIKA S · 1985 to 2009
$33.7M
The Women In Steady Exercise Research (WISER) SurwVor TrialU54CA155850 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SAWER, DAVID · 2011 to 2015
$9.1M
WISER SisterR01CA131333 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SCHMITZ, KATHRYN H. · 2008 to 2012
$3.2M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000003NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016520NCI NIH HHS R01 CA131333NCI NIH HHS R01-CA131333NCI NIH HHS U54 CA155850NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000400
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

unlabelledMedical and surgical interventions for elevated breast cancer risk (e.g., BRCA1/2 mutation, family history) focus on reducing estrogen exposure. Women at elevated risk may be interested in less aggressive approaches to risk reduction. For example, exercise might reduce estrogen, yet has fewer serious side effects and less negative impact than surgery or hormonal medications. Randomized controlled trial. Increased risk defined by risk prediction models or BRCA mutation status. Eligibility: Age 18-50, eumenorrheic, non-smokers, and body mass index (BMI) between 21 and 50 kg/m(2). 139 were randomized. Treadmill exercise: 150 or 300 min/week, five menstrual cycles. Control group maintained exercise <75 min/week. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Area under curve (AUC) for urinary estrogen. Secondary measures: urinary progesterone, quantitative digitized breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging background parenchymal enhancement. Mean age 34 years, mean BMI 26.8 kg/m(2). A linear dose-response relationship was observed such that every 100 min of exercise is associated with 3.6 % lower follicular phase estrogen AUC (linear trend test, p = 0.03). No changes in luteal phase estrogen or progesterone levels. There was also a dose-response effect noted: for every 100 min of exercise, there was a 9.7 % decrease in background parenchymal enhancement as measured by imaging (linear trend test, p = 0.009). Linear dose-response effect observed to reduce follicular phase estrogen exposure measured via urine and hormone sensitive breast tissue as measured by imaging. Future research should explore maintenance of effects and extent to which findings are repeatable in lower risk women. Given the high benefit to risk ratio, clinicians can inform young women at increased risk that exercise may blunt estrogen exposure while considering whether to try other preventive therapies.

Indexed as

ExerciseAdultBiomarkersBreast NeoplasmsEstrogensFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingPremenopauseProgesteroneRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsBiomarkersEstrogensProgesteroneBreast cancerBreast MRIClinical trialEstrogensExercise

Identifiers

PMID26510851
PMCPMC6196733
OpenAlexW1819870260

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.