ArticleJournal of immunology research2015
Uterine Natural Killer Cell and Human Leukocyte Antigen-G1 and Human Leukocyte Antigen-G5 Expression in Vaginal Discharge of Threatened-Abortion Women: A Case-Control Study.
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual Role of Natural Killer Cells in Early Pregnancy: Immunopathological Implications and Therapeutic Potential in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and Recurrent Implantation Failure.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Predicting the risk of threatened abortion using machine learning methods: a comparative study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Women with Threatened Abortion: A Case-Control Study.International journal of fertility & sterility · 2024Article
- Review
- Association of serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor in early threatened abortion and premature delivery: A case‑control study.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking of Huangqin-Baizhu herb pair in the treatment of threatened abortion.Medicine · 2022Article
- The Tsallis generalized entropy enhances the interpretation of transcriptomics datasets.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- The benefits of higher LMR for early threatened abortion: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2020Article
- Genetics of recurrent pregnancy loss among Iranian population.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2019Review
- The Study of HLA-G Gene and Protein Expression in Patients with Recurrent Miscarriage.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The immunotolerant human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) molecules have a major role in fetal-maternal tolerance during pregnancy. Interaction between these molecules and uterine natural killer (uNK) cells inhibitory receptors prevents NK cell invasion against fetus trophoblast cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the percentages of uNK cells and HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 isoforms expression in vaginal discharge of threatened-abortion women in comparison with control. In a case-control study, we investigated 30 threatened-abortion women with bleeding or spotting less than 20 weeks of pregnancy as compared to 30 normal pregnant women. uNK cells percentage was assessed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we evaluated HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 isoforms expression by Real-Time PCR in these groups. The results of this study showed that threatened-abortion women had increased uNK cells and decreased T cells percentage in vaginal discharge in comparison with normal pregnant women (p = 0.01, p = 0.003, resp.). In addition, HLA-G1 isoform had lower expression in threatened-abortion women in comparison with control group (p = 0.0001). The increase of uNK cells level with the decrease of HLA-G expression in vaginal discharge of threatened-abortion pregnant women is an indicator of mother's immune dysregulation. It is concluded that HLA-G expression level with uNK cells percentage can be determined as a diagnostic marker for threatened-abortion women.
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