ArticleBMC infectious diseases2015
Clinical, molecular and drug sensitivity pattern of mycobacterial isolates from extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Drug resistance and its risk factors among extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Molecular epidemiology of M. tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2019Pooled it
- Spoligotyping based genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- A clinical scoring system to predict tuberculous lymphadenitis in settings with high disease burden.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spoligotyping-based molecular typing ofFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- An Unusual Case Report of Male Genital Tuberculosis.Cureus · 2024Article
- Molecular epidemiology and drug sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in homeless individuals in the Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Clinical features, resistance patterns and treatment outcomes of drug-resistant extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: A scoping review.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2023Article
- Burden ofIJID regions · 2023Article
- Drug Resistance in Tuberculous Lymphadenitis: Molecular Characterization.Tuberculosis research and treatment · 2023Article
- Drug Resistance Conferring Mutation and Genetic Diversity ofInfection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Mycobacterial Lineages Associated with Drug Resistance in Patients with Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Tuberculosis research and treatment · 2021Article
- Article
- Epidemiology and the diagnostic challenge of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in a teaching hospital in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2020Article
- Article
- High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2019Article
- Article
- Bacterial Infections and Their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review.Advances in preventive medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn conjunction with the spread of HIV infection, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of illness and death worldwide. The Ethiopian national report reveals that extra pulmonary tuberculosis is on the rise and that case detection rate is exceeding that of smear positive or negative cases in many parts of the country. Different studies indicated that host and/or pathogen related factors are associated with the rise of extra pulmonary cases. However, the reason for this is not clearly known in our setting.
methodsSpecimens were taken from clinically suspected extra pulmonary patients and confirmed by cytology, histopathology and culture. Deletion typing and Spoligotyping was utilized to identify the strains. The isolates were then assigned to lineage using conformal Bayesian network (rules model) algorithm and dendrograms were drawn using UPGMA methods. In addition, drug sensitivity test was done using the indirect proportion and 24 well plate methods.
resultsOut of the 200 clinically suspected extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients, 106 (53 %) were between 15 and 35 years of age and 167 (83.5 %) were new while 33 (16.5 %) were retreatment cases. The culture yield was 29.5 % (59). Of these only one was M. bovis and 58 were M. tuberculosis strains with 31 different spoligotype patterns grouped into seven clusters. The largest cluster (ST53) comprised 12 (20.3 %) isolates. There was higher clustering of CAS isolates in TBLN than in any other form of extra pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Resistance to rifampicin was higher (22 %) than that for INH, STM and EMB (8.1 %, 5 % and 3 % respectively). Out of the 37 isolates tested for resistance, only 2 isolates were resistant for both STM and INH and no MDR strain was found.
conclusionsThere is an ongoing active recent transmission among extra pulmonary tuberculosis in the study areas as shown by the presence of clusters. Although no MDR case was observed, there is a risk of emergence of MDR as noted from the high proportion of resistance to rifampicin. Detailed study at population level is recommended to monitor its trend.
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