ArticleDiagnostic pathology2015
A p16-Ki-67-HMB45 immunohistochemistry scoring system as an ancillary diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of melanoma.
Article in Diagnostic pathology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-throughput, multiplex immunofluorescence for the computer-automated immunophenotyping of Mycosis Fungoides.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Article
- Pan-cancer analysis reveals Rho kinase addiction as a vulnerability of de-differentiated cancer cells.iScience · 2026Article
- Histologic Features of Melanocytic Nevi Secondary to Melanoma Treatment With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cureus · 2026Article
- The Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of CombinedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Melanoma: Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy.MedComm · 2026Review
- Towards a transcriptomic biomarker for the classification of melanocytic neoplasms.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Immunohistochemistry for Skin Cancers: New Insights into Diagnosis and Treatment of Melanoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Article
- Improving diagnostic accuracy in atypical melanocytic tumors using p16 immunohistochemistry and 9p21 fluorescence in situ hybridization: analysis of 206 second opinion cases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Encapsulation of soybean lunasin and amaranth unsaponifiable matter in liposomes induces cell cycle arrest in an allograft melanoma mouse model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- P16-CD8-Ki67 Triple Algorithm for Prediction of CDKN2A Mutations in Patients with Multiple Primary and Familial Melanoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Plasma Thermogram Parameters Differentiate Status and Overall Survival of Melanoma Patients.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- Cutaneous Melanomas: A Single Center Experience on the Usage of Immunohistochemistry Applied for the Diagnosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Molecular Pathology of Skin Melanoma: Epidemiology, Differential Diagnostics, Prognosis and Therapy Prediction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Computer-Aided Assessment of Melanocytic Lesions by Means of a Mitosis Algorithm.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Diagnosis of melanoma by imaging mass spectrometry: Development and validation of a melanoma prediction model.Journal of cutaneous pathology · 2021Article
- Chemogenetic modulation of sensory neurons reveals their regulating role in melanoma progression.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2021Article
- Current Challenges in Deciphering Sutton Nevi-Literature Review and Personal Experience.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMelanoma is a skin cancer which treatment requires early diagnosis and large surgical removal. The histopathological diagnosis of a melanocytic tumour is sometimes difficult between a benign nevus and a malignant melanoma. We built an immunomarker-based score to differentiate nevi from melanomas.
methodsTwo independent sets of 308 (first set) and 62 (validation set) formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tumour samples were studied using p16-Ki-67 and HMB45-MelanA dual-staining immunohistochemistry.
resultsIn the first set of tumours, high Ki-67 index, low to null p16 immunohistochemistry and absence of HMB45 immunohistochemistry gradient were more frequent in melanomas (156 primary tumours and 78 metastases) than in nevi (74 tumours). Nevertheless, none of these single parameters was able to differentiate all primary melanomas from all nevi. We built a scoring system based on the addition of semi-quantitative scorings of Ki-67 (0: <2%; 1:2-5%; 2:6-10%, 3:11-20%; 4:>20%) and p16 (0:>50% stained cells; 1:11-50%; 2:1-10%; 3:0%) and HMB45 staining (0: gradient present; 1: doubtful/inconclusive gradient; 2: gradient absent). A p16-Ki-67-HMB45 total score from 0 to 9 permitted to classify nevi (score <4) and primary melanomas (score ≥4) with a sensitivity of 97.4% and a specificity of 97.3% in the first set of tumours. Sensibility and specificity of 100 % were obtained in a second set (validation set) of 62 tumours (46 melanomas and 16 nevi). The total scoring also allowed analyzing 11 difficult or initially misdiagnosed tumours in our files.
conclusionsWe propose a valuable triple p16-Ki-67-HMB45 immunohistochemistry scoring system to help pathologists in the differential diagnosis of melanomas and nevi.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.