ArticleJAMA ophthalmology2016
Algorithm for the Measure of Vitreous Hyperreflective Foci in Optical Coherence Tomographic Scans of Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema.
Article in JAMA ophthalmology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep Learning-Based Quantification of Vitreous Hyperreflective Foci as a Biomarker for Intraocular Inflammation.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Vitreous Inflammation in Uveitis: Current Limitations and Emerging Diagnostic Approaches.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Vitreous Inflammation as an Early Indicator of Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss Following Acute Optic Nerve Injury in Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Immune Analysis Using Vitreous Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging in Rats with Steroid-Induced Glaucoma.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Automated Region of Interest Selection Improves Deep Learning-Based Segmentation of Hyper-Reflective Foci in Optical Coherence Tomography Images.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Structure and function of the retina of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5)-deficient rats.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Aggravation of retinal hard exudates after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for cystoid macular edema and the risk factors: a retrospective study.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Analysis of Parainflammation in Chronic Glaucoma Using Vitreous-OCT Imaging.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Current understanding of the molecular and cellular pathology of diabetic retinopathy.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Monitoring New Long-Lasting Intravitreal Formulation for Glaucoma with Vitreous Images Using Optical Coherence Tomography.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 in the Aqueous Humor of Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Article
- Factors associated with the duration of action of dexamethasone intravitreal implants in diabetic macular edema patients.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Characteristics of diabetic macular edema patients refractory to anti-VEGF treatments and a dexamethasone implant.PloS one · 2019Article
- Modulation of three key innate immune pathways for the most common retinal degenerative diseases.EMBO molecular medicine · 2018Review
- Inhibition of Atypical Protein Kinase C Reduces Inflammation-Induced Retinal Vascular Permeability.The American journal of pathology · 2018Article
- Intravitreal pro-inflammatory cytokines in non-obese diabetic mice: Modelling signs of diabetic retinopathy.PloS one · 2018Article
- Evaluation of hyperreflective foci as a prognostic factor of visual outcome in retinal vein occlusion.International journal of ophthalmology · 2017Article
- Macrophage polarization in experimental and clinical choroidal neovascularization.Scientific reports · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
importanceDeveloping a noninvasive measure of diabetic retinopathy disease progression may provide physicians with information needed for patient-specific intervention.
objectiveTo develop an algorithm to measure vitreous hyperreflective foci (VHRF) from standard, 3-dimensional optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images in an unbiased manner. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsWe retrospectively analyzed OCT scans from 97 patients who were evaluated at the Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan. Patients with diabetes mellitus without signs of retinopathy (n = 9) and patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) (n = 31) were compared with healthy control participants (n = 37). The algorithm was used to determine whether the VHRF score is associated with DME and may serve as a noninvasive measure of inflammation. The study was conducted from November 14, 2011, to August 5, 2015. Data analysis was performed from May 15, 2014, to August 13, 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: An algorithm was developed to enhance the vitreous imaging from OCT to allow automated quantification of VHRF and calculation of a VHRF score. This score was compared between the healthy control, diabetes without retinopathy, and DME groups.
resultsIn the 97 scans evaluated, VHRF scores, reported as mean (SD), were increased in patients with DME by 2.95-fold (5.60 [8.65]) compared with healthy controls (1.90 [3.42]; 95% CI, 0.75-7.45; P = .012) and by 6.83-fold compared with patients with diabetes without retinopathy (0.82 [1.26]; 95% CI, 1.46-8.82; P = .005). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Scores obtained using the VHRF algorithm may be obtained from OCT images that include the vitreous and could provide a rapid, noninvasive clinical correlate for ocular inflammation. Higher VHRF scores in patients with DME compared with controls and diabetic patients without retinopathy warrant further population-based and longitudinal studies to help determine the value of the VHRF score in selecting therapeutic intervention.
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