ArticleNature biotechnology2015
In vivo characterization of the physicochemical properties of polymer-linked TLR agonists that enhance vaccine immunogenicity.
Article in Nature biotechnology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 196 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
196 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 433 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell and tissue engineering in lymph nodes for cancer immunotherapy.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Microbiota-derived self-adjuvanting exopolysaccharide-based codelivery system for potent cancer immunotherapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Self-Assembling Peptide-Adjuvant Conjugate (SaPAC) Platform for Precision Cancer Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A multitargeting nanoparticle-based vaccine for enhanced anticancer immunotherapy in HER2-Positive breast cancer.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Immunofunctions of Protein and Carbohydrate Assemblies Modulated by Structures Acrossing Scales as Biomaterials.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle Engineering in Modern Vaccinology: From Delivery Platforms to Immune-Programming Architectures.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dendritic Lipopeptide Nanovaccines Orchestrate Multi-Pattern Recognition Receptors Activation and Potentiate Antitumor Immunity.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Spatiotemporally engineered tumor-derived extracellular vesicle-based scaffold vaccine for personalized cancer immunotherapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- From Nanoparticle Design to Clinical Translation in Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Polypeptide sono-adjuvant for ultrasound-activatable regulation of innate immunity and cancer vaccination therapy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis meets cancer immunotherapy: Overcoming the crosstalk challenges through advanced drug delivery strategies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Enantiomer-dependent and modification-free DNA matrix as an adjuvant for subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 or pneumococcal infections.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Rational design of immunogenic nanoparticles as a platform to reduce ovarian tumor burden in mice.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Structural immunotherapy: Harnessing chemical design to build powerful next-generation therapeutics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- In-Situ Self-Assembling Oligomeric Collagen Scaffold Enhances Vaccine Retention and Vaccine-Induced Humoral Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Enhancing Cancer Therapy with TLR7/8 Agonists: Applications in Vaccines and Combination Treatments.Cancers · 2025Review
- Progress in cancer vaccines enabled by nanotechnology.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- A novel cationic liposome-formulated toll like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist enhances the efficacy of a vaccine against fentanyl toxicity.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
136 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
27 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The efficacy of vaccine adjuvants such as Toll-like receptor agonists (TLRa) can be improved through formulation and delivery approaches. Here, we attached small molecule TLR-7/8a to polymer scaffolds (polymer-TLR-7/8a) and evaluated how different physicochemical properties of the TLR-7/8a and polymer carrier influenced the location, magnitude and duration of innate immune activation in vivo. Particle formation by polymer-TLR-7/8a was the most important factor for restricting adjuvant distribution and prolonging activity in draining lymph nodes. The improved pharmacokinetic profile by particulate polymer-TLR-7/8a was also associated with reduced morbidity and enhanced vaccine immunogenicity for inducing antibodies and T cell immunity. We extended these findings to the development of a modular approach in which protein antigens are site-specifically linked to temperature-responsive polymer-TLR-7/8a adjuvants that self-assemble into immunogenic particles at physiologic temperatures in vivo. Our findings provide a chemical and structural basis for optimizing adjuvant design to elicit broad-based antibody and T cell responses with protein antigens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.