Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26498636›Full record

ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2016

Fruit, vegetable and vitamin C intakes and plasma vitamin C: cross-sectional associations with insulin resistance and glycaemia in 9-10 year-old children.

A S Donin, J E Dent, C M Nightingale, N Sattar, C G Owen, A R Rudnicka, M R Perkin, A M Stephen, S A Jebb, D G Cook and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Vitamin C and vitamin DFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Prevention of metabolic diseases: fruits (including fruit sugars) vs. vegetables.Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · 2017
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

A S DoninPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
J E DentPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
C M NightingalePopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
N SattarInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
C G OwenPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
A R RudnickaPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
M R PerkinPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
A M StephenMedical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, UK.
S A JebbNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
D G CookPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
P H WhincupPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Population Health Research Institute · CASt George's, University of London · GBUniversity of Glasgow · GBUniversity of Oxford · GBUniversity of Surrey · GB

Funding

British Heart FoundationCancer Research UKDepartment of HealthDiabetes UK 11/0004317Medical Research Council G0501295Medical Research Council MC_U105960384Medical Research Council MC_U105960389Wellcome Trust 068362/Z/02/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo examine whether low circulating vitamin C concentrations and low fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with insulin resistance and other Type 2 diabetes risk markers in childhood.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, school-based study in 2025 UK children aged 9-10 years, predominantly of white European, South-Asian and black African origin. A 24-h dietary recall was used to assess fruit, vegetable and vitamin C intakes. Height, weight and fat mass were measured and a fasting blood sample collected to measure plasma vitamin C concentrations and Type 2 diabetes risk markers.

resultsIn analyses adjusting for confounding variables (including socio-economic status), a one interquartile range higher plasma vitamin C concentration (30.9 μmol/l) was associated with a 9.6% (95% CI 6.5, 12.6%) lower homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance value, 0.8% (95% CI 0.4, 1.2%) lower fasting glucose, 4.5% (95% CI 3.2, 5.9%) lower urate and 2.2% (95% CI 0.9, 3.4%) higher HDL cholesterol. HbA1c concentration was 0.6% (95% CI 0.2, 1.0%) higher. Dietary fruit, vegetable and total vitamin C intakes were not associated with any Type 2 diabetes risk markers. Lower plasma vitamin C concentrations in South-Asian and black African-Caribbean children could partly explain their higher insulin resistance.

conclusionsLower plasma vitamin C concentrations are associated with insulin resistance and could partly explain ethnic differences in insulin resistance. Experimental studies are needed to establish whether increasing plasma vitamin C can help prevent Type 2 diabetes at an early stage.

Indexed as

FruitInsulin ResistanceVegetablesAscorbic AcidBlood GlucoseChildCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2DietEatingFemaleHumansMaleRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsUnited KingdomAscorbic AcidBlood Glucose

Identifiers

PMID26498636
PMCPMC4832256
OpenAlexW2122873450

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.