SynthesisOncotarget2015
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy and preeclampsia risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Synthesis in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Factors associated with preeclampsia and the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy amongst Indigenous women of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Current hypertension reports · 2025Pooled it
- Occupational Risk Factors and Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Fluoxetine and congenital malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Pooled it
- Sertraline use in the first trimester and risk of congenital anomalies: a systemic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of assisted hatching on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Endothelial Activation and Stress Index in Different Types of Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Experiences of Racism and Risk of Preeclampsia in the Black Women's Health Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- The socio-environmental exposome and maternal cardiometabolic health in the us: a machine learning approach.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Blood concentrations of volatile organic compounds and hypertension in the GuLF Study.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
- Understanding Preeclampsia: Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Histopathological Insights and Molecular Biomarkers.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Maternal Vascular Adaptation in High-Risk Pregnancies: Effects of Early Smoking Cessation on Hemodynamic and Endothelial Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Antagonistic effects of smoking and maternal glycemia on fetal growth: a retrospective study among 13,958 pregnant French women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Acute effect of statins on vascular reactivity in maternal and placental arteries from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- The Impact of Self-Reported Alcohol, Tobacco, and Recreational Drug Use during Pregnancy on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in First-Time Mothers.American journal of perinatology · 2024Article
- Maternal gestational hypertension, smoking and pre-eclampsia are associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in overweight offspring.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Article
- The Association of Prenatal C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-8 Levels with Maternal Characteristics and Preterm Birth.American journal of perinatology · 2024Article
- The Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Vascular Factors Related to Preeclampsia in a Smoking Mouse Model.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- The Association between Maternal Urinary Phthalate Concentrations and Blood Pressure in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Metabolites · 2023Review
- The Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Pregnancy Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2023Article
- Reevaluating the protective effect of smoking on preeclampsia risk through the lens of bias.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although evidence from epidemiological studies evaluating the association between cigarette smoking during pregnancy and preeclampsia risk has been systematically reviewed, the findings have been out of date. To further clarify the relationship, we conducted this comprehensive meta-analysis of prospective studies. We searched PubMed and Web of Science up to August 2015 to identify prospective studies that evaluated the association between cigarette smoking during pregnancy and preeclampsia risk. Random-effects models were used to estimate summarized relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seventeen prospective studies involving 62,089 preeclampsia patients from a total of approximately 1.8 million subjects were included. Overall, there was a significant negative association between smoking during pregnancy and incidence of preeclampsia (RR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.60-0.75), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 91.7%). Such an inverse association was also detected in strata of subgroup analyses according to study location, study sample size, parity of populations, singleton pregnancy, and adjustment for potential confounders including maternal age, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, body mass index, and gender of infant. In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that smoking during pregnancy is inversely associated with incidence of preeclampsia. Further large scale multi-center prospective studies are warranted to validate our findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.