Trial reportBMC cancer2015
Colorectal liver metastatic disease: efficacy of irreversible electroporation--a single-arm phase II clinical trial (COLDFIRE-2 trial).
Trial report in BMC cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02082782 (Colorectal Metastatic Liver Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Colorectal Metastatic Liver Disease: Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) - a Phase II Clinical Trial (COLDFIRE-2 Study)
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microwave Ablation, Radiofrequency Ablation, Irreversible Electroporation, and Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy for Intermediate Size (3-5 cm) Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current oncology reports · 2022Pooled it
- Irreversible Electroporation Enhances Solid Tumor Infiltration and Selective Cancer Cell Lysis by CAR T Cells.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Interventional Oncology for Colorectal Liver Metastases: From Local Cure to Salvage Therapy.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Cancer metastasis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Mathematical 3D Liver Model for Surgical versus Ablative Therapy Treatment Planning for Colorectal Liver Metastases: Recommendations from the COLLISION and COLDFIRE Trial Expert Panels.Radiology. Imaging cancer · 2024Article
- Oncologic Outcomes after Percutaneous Ablation for Colorectal Liver Metastases: An Updated Comprehensive Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Tissue Ablation: Applications and Perspectives.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Review
- Review
- New Developments in Image-Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Solid Tumors.Current oncology reports · 2023Review
- Recurrent Colorectal Liver Metastases in the Liver Remnant After Major Liver Surgery-IRE as a Salvage Local Treatment When Resection and Thermal Ablation are Unsuitable.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2022Article
- Metastatic disease to the liver: Locoregional therapy strategies and outcomes.World journal of clinical oncology · 2021Review
- Advanced Techniques in the Percutaneous Ablation of Liver Tumours.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Modern therapeutic approaches for the treatment of malignant liver tumours.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020Review
- Article
- Bevacizumab Plus FOLFOX-4 Combined With Deep Electro-Hyperthermia as First-line Therapy in Metastatic Colon Cancer: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2019Review
- Normal and fibrotic liver parenchyma respond differently to irreversible electroporation.HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association · 2019Article
- Long-term survival after percutaneous irreversible electroporation of inoperable colorectal liver metastases.Cancer management and research · 2019Article
- Conductivity Rise During Irreversible Electroporation: True Permeabilization or Heat?Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2018Article
- Vascular Interventional Radiology-Guided Photothermal Therapy of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis with Theranostic Gold Nanorods.ACS nano · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIrreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel image-guided tumor ablation technique that has shown promise for the ablation of lesions in proximity to vital structures such as blood vessels and bile ducts. The primary aim of the COLDFIRE-2 trial is to investigate the efficacy of IRE for unresectable, centrally located colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Secondary outcomes are safety, technical success, and the accuracy of contrast-enhanced (ce)CT and (18)F-FDG PET-CT in the detection of local tumor progression (LTP). METHODS/
designIn this single-arm, multicenter phase II clinical trial, twenty-nine patients with (18)F-FDG PET-avid CRLM ≤ 3,5 cm will be prospectively included to undergo IRE of the respective lesion. All lesions must be unresectable and unsuitable for thermal ablation due to vicinity of vital structures. Technical success is based on ceMRI one day post-IRE. All complications related to the IRE procedure are registered. Follow-up consists of (18)F-FDG PET-CT and 4-phase liver CT at 3-monthly intervals during the first year of follow-up. Treatment efficacy is defined as the percentage of tumors successfully eradicated 12 months after the initial IRE procedure based on clinical follow-up using both imaging modalities, tumor marker and (if available) histopathology. To determine the accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET-CT and ceCT, both imaging modalities will be individually scored by two reviewers that are blinded for the final oncologic outcome. DISCUSSION: To date, patients with a central CRLM unsuitable for resection or thermal ablation have no curative treatment option and are given palliative chemotherapy. For these patients, IRE may prove a life-saving treatment option. The results of the proposed trial may represent an important step towards the implementation of IRE for central liver tumors in the clinical setting.
trial registrationTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02082782.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.