Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26497742›Full record

ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2015

Antioxidant, antibacterial activity, and phytochemical characterization of Melaleuca cajuputi extract.

Nazeh M Al-Abd, Zurainee Mohamed Nor, Marzida Mansor, Fadzly Azhar, M S Hasan, Mustafa Kassim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. GC-MS Analysis of Bio-active Molecules Derived fromIndian journal of microbiology · 2016
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  16. Anticancer, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of the Methanolic Extract fromJournal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nazeh M Al-AbdDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Nazehali78@yahoo.com.
Zurainee Mohamed NorDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. zuraineemn@um.edu.my.
Marzida MansorDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. marzida@um.edu.my.
Fadzly AzharDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. fadzly.ktrade@gmail.com.
M S HasanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. shahnaz_hasan@um.edu.my.
Mustafa KassimDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. zoobeadi@yahoo.com.
University of Malaya · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe threat posed by drug-resistant pathogens has resulted in the increasing momentum in research and development for effective alternative medications. The antioxidant and antibacterial properties of phytochemical extracts makes them attractive alternative complementary medicines. Therefore, this study evaluated the phytochemical constituents of Melaleuca cajuputi flower and leaf (GF and GL, respectively) extracts and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

methodsRadical scavenging capacity of the extracts was estimated using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and Fe(2+)-chelating activity. Total antioxidant activity was determined using ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration assays were used to determine antibacterial activity against eight pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pasteurella multocida. We identified and quantified the phytochemical constituents in methanol extracts using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and gas chromatography (GC)/MS.

resultsThis study reports the antioxidant and radical scavenging activity of M. cajuputi methanolic extracts. The GF extract showed better efficacy than that of the GL extract. The total phenolic contents were higher in the flower extract than they were in the leaf extract (0.55 ± 0.05 and 0.37 ± 0.05 gallic acid equivalent per mg extract dry weight, respectively). As expected, the percentage radical inhibition by GF was higher than that by the GL extract (81 and 75 %, respectively). A similar trend was observed in Fe(2+)-chelating activity and β-carotene bleaching tests. The antibacterial assay of the extracts revealed no inhibition zones with the Gram-negative bacteria tested. However, the extracts demonstrated activity against B. cereus, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis.

conclusionsIn this study, we found that M. cajuputi extracts possess antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The results revealed that both extracts had significant antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activity. Both extracts had antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and B. cereus. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities could be attributed to high flavonoid and phenolic contents identified using GC/MS and LC/MS. Therefore, M. cajuputi could be an excellent source for natural antioxidant and antibacterial agents for medical and nutraceutical applications.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntioxidantsBacteriaFlowersFree RadicalsIronMelaleucaMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPhytochemicalsPlant ExtractsPlant LeavesTea Tree OilAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntioxidantsFree RadicalsIronPhytochemicalsPlant ExtractsTea Tree Oil

Identifiers

PMID26497742
PMCPMC4619549
OpenAlexW1860113535

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.