ReviewImmunological reviews2015
TRIM21: a cytosolic Fc receptor with broad antibody isotype specificity.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- UBE2C-TRIM21-driven NOS2 degradation stabilizes Tregs and suppresses pyroptotic signaling in thyrocytes in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Review
- The ADAP-TRIM21-ZEB2 axis regulates CD8iScience · 2026Article
- A receptor-Fc based SFV replicon Trim-Away platform for targeted viral protein degradation.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Tripartite motif containing 21 autoimmunity primes CD8Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination of PARP1 regulated by the PI3K/AKT-STAT5A axis suppresses small cell lung cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21-mediated K48-linked ubiquitination of ALDH2 rs671 mutant promotes adverse cardiac remodeling.JCI insight · 2026Article
- TRIM21 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target affects the growth of pancreatic cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Customized extracellular vesicles targeting lysosomal biogenesis deliver therapeutic cargo for intervertebral disc degeneration treatment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Phospho-TRIM21 orchestrates RPA2 ubiquitination switch to promote homologous recombination and tumor radio/chemo-resistance.Oncogene · 2025Article
- Article
- TRIM21 regulation of IRF-mediated type I interferon signaling in systemic autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 is involved in IFN-γ-induced suppression of hepatitis B virus by regulating hepatocyte nuclear factors.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Article
- Non-proteolytic ubiquitination of HBx controls HBV replication.Virologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Nucleocapsid protein-specific monoclonal antibodies protect mice against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Unveiling the Ro60-Ro52 complex.EXCLI journal · 2024Article
- TRIM21 and Fc-engineered antibodies: decoding its complex antibody binding mode with implications for viral neutralization.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The interconnected roles of TRIM21/Ro52 in systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, cancers, and cancer metabolism.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Antibodies are key molecules in the fight against infections. Although previously thought to mediate protection solely in the extracellular environment, recent research has revealed that antibody-mediated protection extends to the cytosolic compartment of cells. This postentry viral defense mechanism requires binding of the antibody to a cytosolic Fc receptor named tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21). In contrast to other Fc receptors, TRIM21 shows remarkably broad isotype specificity as it does not only bind IgG but also IgM and IgA. When viral pathogens coated with these antibody isotypes enter the cytosol, TRIM21 is rapidly recruited and efficient neutralization occurs before the virus has had the time to replicate. In addition, inflammatory signaling is induced. As such, TRIM21 acts as a cytosolic sensor that engages antibodies that have failed to protect against infection in the extracellular environment. Here, we summarize our current understanding of how TRIM21 orchestrates humoral immunity in the cytosolic environment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.