Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26496307›Full record

Observational studyMedicine2015

Cardiovascular Risk Factors Increase the Risks of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Taiwan Diabetes Study.

Chun-Pai Yang, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Chia-Ing Li, Chiu-Shong Liu, Wen-Yuan Lin, Kai-Lin Hwang, Sing-Yu Yang, Hsuan-Ju Chen, Tsai-Chung Li

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Review
  10. Diabetic neuropathy: cutting-edge research and future directions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Chun-Pai YangFrom the Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital (C-PY); Department of Nutrition, Huang-Kuang University (C-PY); School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University (C-CL, C-IL, C-SL, W-YL); Department of Medical Research (C-CL, C-IL, C-SL); Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital (C-CL, C-SL, W-YL); Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University (K-LH); Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, China Medical University (S-YY, T-CL); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital (H-JC); and Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan (T-CL).
Cheng-Chieh Lin
Chia-Ing Li
Chiu-Shong Liu
Wen-Yuan Lin
Kai-Lin Hwang
Sing-Yu Yang
Hsuan-Ju Chen
Tsai-Chung Li
Deutsche Telekom (Austria) · ATChina Medical University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to examine whether poor glycemic control, measured by glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and other cardiovascular risk factors, can predict diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Patients aged ≥30 years with type 2 DM, enrolled in the National Diabetes Care Management Program, and free of DPN (n = 37,375) in the period 2002 to 2004 were included and followed up until 2011. The related factors were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models.For an average follow-up of 7.00 years, 8379 cases of DPN were identified, with a crude incidence rate of 32.04/1000 person-years. After multivariate adjustment, patients with HbA1c levels 7 to 8%, 8 to 9%, 9 to 10%, and ≥10% exhibited higher risk of DPN (adjusted HR: 1.11 [1.04-1.20], 1.30 [1.21-1.40], 1.32 [1.22-1.43], and 1.62 [1.51-1.74], respectively) compared with patients with HbA1c level 6 to 7%. There was a significant linear trend in DPN incidence with increasing HbA1c (P < 0.001) and significant HRs of DPN for patients with HbA1c level ≥7%, blood pressure ≥130/85 mm Hg, triglycerides (TG) ≥150 mg/dL, high density of lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) <40 mg/dL in males and <50 mg/dL in females, low density of lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥100 mg/dL, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m.Patients with type 2 DM and HbA1c ≥7.0% exhibit increased risk of DPN, demonstrating a linear relationship. The incidence of DPN is also associated with poor glucose control and cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension, hyper-triglyceridemia, low HDL-C, high LDL-C, and decreased eGFR.

Indexed as

AgedCardiovascular DiseasesComorbidityDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NeuropathiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypertriglyceridemiaMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTaiwanGlycated Hemoglobin

Identifiers

PMID26496307
PMCPMC4620799
OpenAlexW2316941483

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.