ArticleBMJ case reports2015
Severe post-influenza (H1N1) encephalitis involving pulvinar nuclei in an adult patient.
Article in BMJ case reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influenza Associated Encephalopathy, Encephalitis, and Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis in Adults: A Scoping Review of 83 Cases.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Pulvinar Sign, Stroke and Their Relationship with Fabry Disease: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis.Neurology international · 2022Review
- Ocular manifestations of emerging viral diseases.Eye (London, England) · 2021Review
- Prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections: Presentations on antivirals, traditional therapies and host-directed interventions at the 5th ISIRV Antiviral Group conference.Antiviral research · 2018Article
- The hidden burden of influenza: A review of the extra-pulmonary complications of influenza infection.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2017Review
- Travellers and influenza: risks and prevention.Journal of travel medicine · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neurological complications of H1N1 infections are mostly found in children, but rare cases of acute encephalopathy and post-infectious encephalitis such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) have been described in adults. We report a case of an adult presenting with a progressive and severe encephalopathy that developed after H1N1 respiratory infection resolution. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was normal, including negative PCR for herpes simplex virus, H1N1, influenza B and JC virus, and absent oligoclonal IgG bands in CSF and serum. Initial CT scan was normal, but later MRI showed posterior multifocal leucoencephalopathy with pulvinar sign. The delayed neurological findings together with the ancillary investigation, namely the MRI pattern with both grey and white matter involvement, raised the possibility of a post-infectious process, rather than an acute encephalitis. Despite aggressive immunotherapy, the patient experienced severe neurological sequelae. Early recognition of ADEM manifestations by those dealing with H1N1 infection is important as early immunotherapy may improve the prognosis.
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