ReviewJournal of the American College of Cardiology2015
Emergence of Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Woman's Problem and Need for Change in Definition on Angiography.
Review in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction by Angiography-Based Index of Microcirculatory Resistance: An Indirect Meta-Analysis.Cardiology · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking, alcohol and opioids effect on coronary microcirculation: an update overview.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Association of Isolated Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction With Mortality and Major Adverse Cardiac Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Aggregate Data.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Pooled it
- Update of the Brazilian Guideline on Nuclear Cardiology - 2020.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2020Guideline
- Ranolazine Reduces Angina in Women with Ischemic Heart Disease: Results of an Open-Label, Multicenter Trial.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2019Trial
- Sex Differences in Coronary Microvascular Function in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes · 2019Trial
- Late sodium channel blockade improves angina and myocardial perfusion in patients with severe coronary microvascular dysfunction: Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation-Coronary Vascular Dysfunction ancillary study.International journal of cardiology · 2019Trial
- A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of late Na current inhibition (ranolazine) in coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD): impact on angina and myocardial perfusion reserve.European heart journal · 2016Trial
- Differences of plaque burden measures on CCTA in younger men and women.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Echo Chambers: Bias and Representation in Cardiac Imaging Datasets for Artificial Intelligence.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Comparative assessment of non-invasive imaging methods for coronary artery disease: coronary computed tomography angiography, computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave-free ratio computed tomography.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2026Review
- Strain Echocardiography in MINOCA: Diagnostic and Follow-Up Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Endotyping of Patients With Angina and Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries: A Report From the J-CMD.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Observational
- Association between right-hand 2D:4D ratio and left main coronary artery stenosis in women.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Observational
- Global burden of heart failure due to cardiovascular diseases, 1990-2021 and predictions to 2035 based on GBD 2021.ESC heart failure · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the presentation and management of acute coronary syndrome patients: Insights from the FORCE-ACS registry.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2026Article
- Use of a Novel, Self-Expanding Coronary Sinus Reducer to Treat Symptomatic Epicardial and Microvascular Ischemic Heart Disease: Preclinical and First-in-Human Experience.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular risk prediction in women: rethinking traditional approaches through precision medicine.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Review
- Higher anxiety score in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- The use of healthcare contacts following a first diagnosis of chest pain among women with no obstructive coronary artery disease: results from the WOMANOCA nationwide cohort study.European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes · 2025Article
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recognition of ischemic heart disease (IHD) is often delayed or deferred in women. Thus, many at risk for adverse outcomes are not provided specific diagnostic, preventive, and/or treatment strategies. This lack of recognition is related to sex-specific IHD pathophysiology that differs from traditional models using data from men with flow-limiting coronary artery disease (CAD) obstructions. Symptomatic women are less likely to have obstructive CAD than men with similar symptoms, and tend to have coronary microvascular dysfunction, plaque erosion, and thrombus formation. Emerging data document that more extensive, nonobstructive CAD involvement, hypertension, and diabetes are associated with major adverse events similar to those with obstructive CAD. A central emerging paradigm is the concept of nonobstructive CAD as a cause of IHD and related adverse outcomes among women. This position paper summarizes currently available knowledge and gaps in that knowledge, and recommends management options that could be useful until additional evidence emerges.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.