ArticlePediatric research2016
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and indicators of immune function in children aged 12-19 y: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Article in Pediatric research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Childhood PFAS exposure and immunotoxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Exposure to Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances and Health Outcomes in Children: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiologic Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of Plasma and Blood Donations on Levels of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Firefighters in Australia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- In Utero Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Exposure and Changes in Infant T Helper Cell Development among UPSIDE-ECHO Cohort Participants.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- Co-exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures is associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis risk: a population-based cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Association between perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and response to the COVID-19 vaccine in a paediatric prospective observational cohort in Arizona.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Observational
- Combined Effects of PFAS and Metals on Cognitive Function.Environments (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations of serum PFAS with COVID-19 antibody levels among fully vaccinated adults.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Associations of mid-childhood per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and early childhood metals with mid-childhood antibody titers.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and incidence of asthma and wheeze in childhood: A register-based cohort study in Ronneby, Sweden.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Associations between PFAS in public water system drinking water and serum among Southern California adults.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Environmental Pollutants and Food Allergy: From Traditional Triggers to Emerging Hazards.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- A Broad Mixture of Linear and Branched Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Hay: Results of an Interlaboratory Comparison.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Models and challenges for studying forever chemicals and their impact on human health.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Review
- The importance of considering variability in re-expression of effect estimates for use in meta-analyses.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- The Impact of Perfluoroalkyl Substances on the Clinical Manifestations of Primary Sjögren Syndrome.Toxics · 2025Article
- In vitro approaches to investigate the effect of chemicals on antibody production: the case study of PFASs.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Assessing the Impact of Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Concentrations on Immune Function in an Industrialized Region of China.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Maternal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and epitope level antibody response to vaccines against measles and rubella in children from the Boston birth cohort.Environment international · 2025Article
- Decoding PFAS immunotoxicity: a NAMs-based comparison of short vs. long chains.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are immunotoxic in laboratory studies. Human studies of immune effects are inconsistent. Using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined PFAS serum concentration and indicators of prevalent immune function among 12-19-y-old children.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we examined PFAS serum concentration in relation to measles, mumps, and rubella antibody concentrations in NHANES 1999-2000 and 2003-2004 (n = 1,191) and to allergic conditions and allergic sensitization in NHANES 2005-2006 (n = 640).
resultsIn adjusted, survey-weighted models, a doubling of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) concentration among seropositive children was associated with a 13.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): -19.9, -6.2) decrease in rubella antibody concentration and a 5.9% decrease in mumps antibody concentration (95% CI: -9.9, -1.6). We observed no adverse association between exposure and current allergic conditions, including asthma. Children with higher PFOS concentration were less likely to be sensitized to any allergen (odds ratio (OR): 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.95).
conclusionIncreased exposure to several PFAS was associated with lower levels to mumps and rubella antibody concentrations, especially among seropositive individuals. These lower antibody concentrations may indicate a less robust response to vaccination or greater waning of vaccine-derived immunity over time.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.