ArticlePatient preference and adherence2015
Dispensing of non-prescribed antibiotics in Jordan.
Article in Patient preference and adherence, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-prescription antibiotic dispensing in community pharmacies in jordan: a simulated patient study.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2026Article
- Public knowledge and misconceptions regarding antibiotic use and resistance in Jordan: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- When Antibiotics Are Refused: A Qualitative Study of Patient-Provider Communication, Trust, and Reported or Anticipated Responses in Jordan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Confronting antimicrobial resistance in Jordan: regulatory, economic, and behavioral determinants of non-prescription antibiotic dispensing in community pharmacies-a mixed-methods study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Impact Assessment of an Educational Intervention Toward Rational Antibiotic Use Among Community Pharmacists in Nepal.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2025Article
- Pharmacies and use of antibiotics: a cross sectional study in 19 Arab countries.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Article
- Attitudes and Practices Regarding Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among the Public in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Cureus · 2024Article
- Public Patterns and Determinants of Antibiotic Self-Medication and Antibiotic Knowledge in Southern Jordan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Resistance to aminoglycoside and quinolone drugs amongHeliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Attitudes and practices of physicians toward law enforcement on dispensing antibiotics without prescription antibiotics: Findings from a cross-sectional survey.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Four years after the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship program in Jordan: evaluation of program's core elements.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial dispensing process in community pharmacies: a scoping review.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2022Article
- Sale of antibiotics without prescription in stand-alone pharmacies in Tamil Nadu.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Article
- Azithromycin Misuse During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jordan.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotic use and resistance among community pharmacists: a cross sectional study in Jordan.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2021Article
- Exploring Information Available to and Used by Physicians on Antibiotic Use and Antibiotic Resistance in Jordan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Dispensing of Non-Prescribed Antibiotics from Community Pharmacies of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Pharmacy Staff's Opinion.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Views of Community Pharmacists on Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Jordan: A Qualitative Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCurrent regulations in Jordan state that antibiotics cannot be sold without a medical prescription. This study aimed to assess the percentage of pharmacies that dispense antibiotics without a medical prescription in the Kingdom of Jordan and identify and highlight the extent and seriousness of such practices among Jordanian pharmacies.
methodsA prospective study was performed, and five different clinical scenarios were simulated at pharmacies investigated including sore throat, otitis media, acute sinusitis, diarrhea, and urinary tract infection in childbearing-aged women. Three levels of demand were used to convince the pharmacists to sell an antibiotic.
resultsA total of 202 total pharmacies in Jordan were visited in the present study. The majority of pharmacies (74.3%) dispensed antibiotics without prescription with three different levels of demand. The percentage of pharmacies dispensing antibiotics without a prescription for the sore throat scenario was 97.6%, followed by urinary tract infection (83.3%), diarrhea (83%), and otitis media (68.4%). The lowest percentage of antibiotic dispensing was for the acute sinusitis simulation at 48.5%. Among the pharmacies that dispensed antibiotics, the pharmacists provided an explanation as the number of times per day the drug should be taken in 95.3% of the cases, explained the duration of treatment in 25.7%, and inquired about allergies prior to the sale of the antibiotic in only 17.3%. Only 52 pharmacies (25.7%) refused to dispense any kind of antibiotics, the majority (61.5%) of this refusal response came from acute sinusitis cases, while the minority (2.4%) came from the sore throat cases.
conclusionThe results of this study demonstrate that antibiotics continue to be dispensed without prescription in Jordan in violation with national regulations regarding this practice. The findings of this study could provide a layout for governmental health authorities to implement strict enfrorcment of national regulations regarding antibiotic dispensing in order to avoid the serious complications that could arise in the future as a result of such practices.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.