ArticleVeterinary research2015
F4+ ETEC infection and oral immunization with F4 fimbriae elicits an IL-17-dominated immune response.
Article in Veterinary research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- High indigestible dietary protein impairs growth and health status of nursery pigs with Salmonella Typhimurium more than with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 challenge.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- Intestinal inflammation induced by heat-labile toxin-producing enterotoxigenic E: Coli infection and impact on immune responses in an experimental human challenge model.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- In-feed provision of binding proteins sustains piglet gut health and mitigates ETEC-induced post-weaning diarrhea.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Review
- The lipopolysaccharide structure affects the detoxifying ability of intestinal alkaline phosphatases.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Article
- Interleukin-17 producing cells in swine induced by microbiota during the early postnatal period - a brief research report.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- T helper cell responses in adult diarrheal patients following natural infection with enterotoxigenicFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Intestinal Epithelial Cells Modulate the Production of Enterotoxins by Porcine EnterotoxigenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Orally active bivalent ViScience · 2022Article
- RNA-seq reveals a novel porcine lncRNA MPHOSPH9-OT1 induces CXCL8/IL-8 expression in ETEC infected IPEC-J2 cells.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Zinc is an important inter-kingdom signal between the host and microbe.Veterinary research · 2021Review
- Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Strategies Targeting Immune Response-Related Pathways to Control EnterotoxigenicFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) total RNA against ETEC challenge in a mouse model.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Review
- Toll-like receptor 5-mediated IL-17C expression in intestinal epithelial cells enhances epithelial host defense against F4Veterinary research · 2019Article
- Systems Immunology Characterization of Novel Vaccine Formulations forFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Methodology and application ofJournal of animal science and biotechnology · 2019Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are an important cause of post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets. Porcine-specific ETEC strains possess different fimbrial subtypes of which F4 fimbriae are the most frequently associated with ETEC-induced diarrhea in piglets. These F4 fimbriae are potent oral immunogens that induce protective F4-specific IgA antibody secreting cells at intestinal tissues. Recently, T-helper 17 (Th17) cells have been implicated in the protection of the host against extracellular pathogens. However, it remains unknown if Th17 effector responses are needed to clear ETEC infections. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate if ETEC elicits a Th17 response in piglets and if F4 fimbriae trigger a similar response. F4(+) ETEC infection upregulated IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21 and IL-23p19, but not IL-12 and IFN-γ mRNA expression in the systemic and mucosal immune system. Similarly, oral immunization with F4 fimbriae triggered a Th17 signature evidenced by an upregulated mRNA expression of IL-17F, RORγt, IL-23p19 and IL-21 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Intriguingly, IL-17A mRNA levels were unaltered. To further evaluate this difference between systemic and mucosal immune responses, we assayed the cytokine mRNA profile of F4 fimbriae stimulated PBMCs. F4 fimbriae induced IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22 and IL-23p19, but downregulated IL-17B mRNA expression. Altogether, these data indicate a Th17 dominated response upon oral immunization with F4 fimbriae and F4(+) ETEC infection. Our work also highlights that IL-17B and IL-17F participate in the immune response to protect the host against F4(+) ETEC infection and could aid in the design of future ETEC vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.