ReviewOrphanet journal of rare diseases2015
Immunosuppressive drugs and fertility.
Review in Orphanet journal of rare diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reporting quality and risk of bias of randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine for multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Fertility status in childhood cancer survivors of hematological malignancies: a systematic review.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2023Pooled it
- Preliminary results of the European multicentric phase III trial regarding sirolimus in slow-flow vascular malformations.JCI insight · 2023Trial
- Fertility protection in the reproductive-age population: A evolutionary concept analysis.International journal of nursing sciences · 2026Review
- Reproductive considerations in patients undergoing treatment for complex lymphatic anomalies.Journal of vascular anomalies · 2026Article
- Fertility management and outcomes after CAR T-cell therapy: an international survey from the Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology working party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Reproductive health in the liver transplant recipient.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2026Review
- Monoterpene indole alkaloids from the aerial parts of Ophiorrhiza brevidentata and their immunological activities.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- A review of immunosuppressive therapy in the context of uterine VCA and pregnancy.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Review
- Reproductive dysfunction in hemodialysis: endocrine mechanisms, clinical features, and therapeutic approaches.Renal failure · 2025Review
- Advances in fertility preservation and pregnancy care for transplant patients.World journal of transplantation · 2025Review
- International survey of treatment practices for atopic dermatitis in pregnant and breastfeeding women: Physician perspectives.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025Article
- Research hotspots and emerging topics in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder treatment: Insights from a bibliometric analysis.Medicine · 2025Review
- Engineered nanoparticles potentials in male reproduction.Andrology · 2025Review
- Comparing Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide in Induction Therapy for Childhood-Onset Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: An ARChiVe Registry Cohort Study.Arthritis care & research · 2025Article
- Tacrolimus- and Mycophenolate-Mediated Toxicity: Clinical Considerations and Options in Management of Post-Transplant Patients.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Nomogram for predicting pregnancy-related relapse of myasthenia gravis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Article
- Research Progress of Natural Active Substances with Immunosuppressive Activity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Pre-gestational counselling for women living with CKD: starting from the bright side.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Review
- Physiological roles of propolis and red ginseng nanoplatforms in alleviating dexamethasone-induced male reproductive challenges in a rat model.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunosuppressive drugs are used in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as well as in transplantation. Frequently prescribed in young people, these treatments may have deleterious effects on fertility, pregnancy outcomes and the unborn child. This review aims to summarize the main gonadal side effects of immunosuppressants, to detail the effects on fertility and pregnancy of each class of drug, and to provide recommendations on the management of patients who are seen prior to starting or who are already receiving immunosuppressive treatment, allowing them in due course to bear children. The recommendations for use are established with a rather low level of proof, which needs to be taken into account in the patient management. Methotrexate, mycophenolate, and le- and teri-flunomide, cyclophosphamide, mitoxanthrone are contraindicated if pregnancy is desired due to their teratogenic effects, as well as gonadotoxic effects in the case of cyclophosphamide. Anti-TNF-alpha and mTOR-inhibitors are to be used cautiously if pregnancy is desired, since experience using these drugs is still relatively scarce. Azathioprine, glucocorticoids, mesalazine, anticalcineurins such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus, ß-interferon, glatiramer-acetate and chloroquine can be used during pregnancy, bearing in mind however that side effects may still occur. Experience is limited concerning natalizumab, fingolimod, dimethyl-fumarate and induction treatments. Conclusion: At the time of prescription, patients must be informed of the possible consequences of immunosuppressants on fertility and of the need for contraception. Pregnancy must be planned and the treatment modified if necessary in a pre-conception time period adapted to the half-life of the drug, imperatively in relation with the prescriber of the immunosuppressive drugs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.